ASSIGNMENT 1

Subsystem of Informatiom system.

Presented by:-
Group-3
Management information system
Meaning of MIS:-
M=Management=Practical use of power of decision
making.

I=Information=Useful Data.

S=System=Technique of use of Data for Business.

SUB SYSTEMS OF MIS.
A subsystem is simply a system. This
means that a system exists on more than
one level and can be composed of sub
systems or element parts.
Example:-
FOLLOWING ARE THE SUBSYSTEMS
OF MIS:-
 Transaction Processing System.

 Management reporting system.

 Inventory management system.

 Decision support System.

 Integretted information system.

 Expert systems.
1
How Do Expert Systems
Work?
Generic categories of Expert
system Applications:-
Classification-
Diagnosis-
Monitoring-
Process control-
Design-
Scheduling & Planning-
Generation of options-
Benefits & Limitations:-
2
TRANSACTION PROCESSING
SYSTEM (TPS)
Some examples of processing
systems for transactions include,
 ATM transactions
 Credit Card system
 Electronic Commerce
 Online Payments
 Online Trading Stocks
 Self-checking stations
TPS is needed to conduct
business in nearly any
organization today. TPSs bring
data into the databases of the
organization; these systems are
also a basis on which
management-oriented
information systems are based.
 INTORDUCTION

 A Transaction Processing System is a set of information that processes the data operation
in a database system that controls transaction programs. The method of breaking down
transaction using a simpler and unified method is called transaction processing.
A transaction is a simple process that takes place during business operations.
The Transaction processing system also called as Junior Level
Management.

 TPS manages and records transactions. It is the automation of the simple,

repetitive processing used to support business operations. To find out the key
insights for decision-making, it offers graphical or condensed textual data.
 TPS was previously referred to as the Management Information System.
Data processing was conducted manually or with simple
machines before computers. TPS's domain is at the
lowest level of an organization’s management
hierarchy.

 Transaction processing system is a form of computer processing that takes

place in the presence of a computer user and allows a user request
or transaction to be answered immediately.
 Transaction processing system Characteristics

Dependable &
readjustment
Swift response
Controlled
processing
Inflexibility
Importance of transaction processing system
 Handling of operations
 Untapped markets
 Transaction processing modes

The two types of

TPS are the online
mode and batch
mode
A. Online mode
B. Batch mode
 Advantages of the transaction processing system
1. The TPS keeps a stable database and reduces risk of loss of user information
in the occurrence of terminal or network failure.
2. The TPS can process large amount of data in real time or batches.
3. TPS is swift and cost-effective.
4. The use of TPS in businesses minimizes the occurrence of error during data
transactions.
5. TPS is available in both batch and real time process
6. The TPS is designed to be user friendly.
Disadvantages of the Transaction processing system
7. TPS must be designed to exclusively fit the business/Organization needs.
8. TPS may be expensive to set up and install.
9. The use of TPS lacks a standard format.
10.Installation of TPS may be disturbed by hardware and software
incompatibility.
11.Maintenance of a TPS requires the use of specialized personnel.
12.A TPS can be difficult to handle if the business is not large enough to utilize it.
 Transaction Processing System
Functions

1. Processing in a
Batch
2. Processing in
Real-time
TPS can also execute
input, output, storage and
processing function.
 Final Thoughts

 The following may be

considered when
choosing the type of
TPS to be used:
1. Type of data
transaction
2. Results
3. Customer use
INVENTORY
Inventory management system
MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM
WHAT IS INVENTORY
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM?
What is inventory management ?
• An inventory management system (or
inventory system) is the process by which
you track your goods throughout your
• An
entire inventory
supply management
chain, from purchasingsystem
to (or
inventory
production system)
to end sales. Itisgoverns
the process
how by
you approach
which you inventory management
track your goods for
your business.
throughout your entire supply chain,
• Each from purchasing
company to production
will manage to end
stock in their
sales. It
own unique governs
way, howon
depending you
theapproach
nature
inventory
and size of their management
business. for your
business

• Each company will manage stock in

INVENTORY
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
EXAMPLE

Charles starts a business selling food hampers. He has

various suppliers who sell him food in bulk, some of
which must then be split up and repackaged.

Charles creates an Excel spreadsheet, which he updates

whenever he orders more stock, assembles a hamper or
completes a sale. This is his inventory management
system, and he’s entirely dependent on it to know how
much stock he currently has, when his food products
might expire, how many hampers he can sell and more.
NEED FOR INVENTORY
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
• Any venture that handles stock will need a system to
accurately track and control it.

• Inventory systems tell you the number of components or

ingredients you need to create or assemble your final
product. Without this information you may end up with
excess stock, eroding your bottom line, or with insufficient
stock to meet customer demand.

• But while you will need an inventory management system,

which one you choose is entirely up to you. There are
countless different systems you can adopt, ranging from
simple approaches to comprehensive solutions.
PERIOD VS
PERPETUAL
INVENTORY SYSTEM

Perpetual inventory is a system that involves

tracking stock levels as goods are receipted,
produced,
Periodic sold, orisreturned
inventory a way of to the store.stock
managing
Perpetual
that inventory
relies entirely systems
on stock tendBusinesses
taking. to deliver the
most
with up-to-date
a periodic inventory
system countfigures, withregularly
their stock less
—dependence
say, every 3onto stock takes—for
6 months to accuracy.
verify stock
accuracy, checking whether stock levels match up
toPeriodic inventory is a way of managing stock that relies
sales figures.
entirely on stock taking. Businesses with a periodic
system count their stock regularly — say, every 3 to 6
months — to verify stock accuracy, checking whether
stock levels match up to sales figures.
FEW PERPETUAL INVENTORY
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

.
Using spreadsheets to manage inventory.
Basic inventory management software.
Dedicated inventory management
software.
Warehouse management systems.
4
MANAGEMENT REPORTING SYSTEM

4
INTRODUCTION
o A Management reporting system(MRS) It is a
system which attempts to communicate
information in the form of reports, statements,
graphs, charts etc. to help the management to
take the appropriate decision.
o It is a essential for monitoring the missions of
an organisation.
o It produces Financial and non-Financial
reports that supports the organisation to take
quick decisions regarding the performance of
the company.
 TYPES OF MANAGEMENT REPORTS

 PERIODIC/SCHEDULED REPORTS:
These reports follow a predetermined format and are used
for providing information to the managers on a regular
basis.
 EXCEPTION REPORTS:
These reports are not generated on a regular basis but only
in exceptional situations.
 DEMAND REPORTS:
These are the reports which are prepared when the
manager demands for the report in order to oversee the
situation of the company at that point of time.
 FUNCTIONS OF MRS

Providing management information.

It helps in selection of a prefect alternatives
Helps is achieving overall objective of the
organisation.
Analysing data and helps the organisation
to eliminate wasteful activities.
Helps the company to be a profitable
operation.
BENEFITS OF MRS
Increases communication.

Improves productivity and accuracy.

Improves decision making and efficiency

within the organisation.

More Customer focus

 CONCLUSION
Management reporting system generates pre-
planned printed reports for decision making
for the managers
Reports provided by MRS are commonly the
by-products extensive and detailed database
assembled by transaction processing system
These are the routine summary of
organisation’s operation.
5
Subject :Management information system

topic : decision support system

5
 Introduction to decision support system(dss)

• A Decision Support System (DSS)is a computer based application that collects ,organises
and analyses business data to facilitate quality business decision – making for management
, operations and planning.
• A well designed DSS aids decision makers in compiling a variety of data from many
sources : raw data, documents, personal knowledge from employees, management,
executives and business models. DSS analysis helps companies to identify and solve
problems and make decisions. For example, if the management needs to asses the prices
of a product, may use data from external sources i.e. market prices.
• DSS’s are designed for every manager to execute a specific managerial task or problem.
Generally, they help managers to make semi-structured decisions, the solution to which
can be arrived at logically. However, sometimes, they can also help in taking complex
decisions.

Where We Can Use DSS?

 Clinical decision support system for medical diagnosis. 
 The bank loan officer can use DSS to verify the credit of a loan applicant or an
engineering company that is working on various projects and wants to make sure if they
can be competitive with their expenditures.
 DSS is mostly used in business and management which helps for the identification of
negative trends, and better allocation of business

• Capabilities OF Decision Support System

I. Structured
II. Semi structured
III. Unstructured
 CHARACTERISTICS OF DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM

 Handles large amount of data from different sources

 Provides report and presentation flexibility
 Supports drill down analysis
 Performs complex ,sophisticated analysis and comparisons using advanced
software packages.
 Perform different types of analysis:
a) “what-if” analysis
b) Simulation
c) Goal- seeking analysis
COMPONENTS OF DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM (DSS)

A decision support systems consists of three main components, namely

database, software system and user interface.
1. DSS Database
2. DSS Software System
3. DSS User Interface
 BASIC THEMES OF DECISION
SUPPORT SYSTEM

• Information systems
• Used by managers
• Used in decision making
• Used to support ,not to replace people
• Used when the decision is “Semi-structured” or
“Unstructured”
• Incorporate a database of some sort
• Incorporate models
 TYPES OF DECISION SUPPORT
SYSTEM

1) Communication –driven DSS

2) Data- driven DSS
3) Document- driven DSS
4) Knowledge- driven DSS
5) Model- driven DSS
Advantages and dis- advantages of
decision support system
ADVANTAGES OF Dis-Advantages of
DECISION SUPPORT
Decision Support
SYSTEM
Time savings
System
• Monetary cost
Improve
interpersonal • Overemphasize
communication decision making
Competitive • Transfer of power
advantage • Unanticipated effects
Promote learning
• Obscuring
Enhance
responsibility
effectiveness
• Status reduction
Cost reduction
 Guidelines for creating successful decision support system
• Execution time
• Versatility
• Learning time
• Ease of recall
• Errors
• Concentration required
• Fatigue
• fun
 Conclusion
DSS can be highly useful for the overall performance of any
organization. However, DSS could also cause big confusion,
misunderstanding and even inaccurate analysis. Decision support
systems provide the basis on how the systems work in the company
and how the quality decisions for managers can be improved.
Presented By:- Sathyanarayana S(19BCR00229),
- SAIRAM SREEKAR BUSETTY(19BCROO217),
- Raja kumar(19BCR00461)
- S Shreyas(19BCR00209)
- MAHAPADMANABAN.L(19BCR00452)

Section- 3-B.COM-C.