ENERGY

• Electrochemical Energy
• Nuclear Chemistry
• Fuels
• Energy
• Energy is the quantitative property that must
be transferred to an object in order to perform
work, or to heat, the object.

• Energy is a conserved quantity; the law of

conservation of energy states that energy can be
converted in form, but not created or destroyed.

• Energy is ability to do work.


• The total energy of a system can be
subdivided and classifed into potential
energy, kinetic energy, or combinations
of the two in various ways. Kinetic
energy is determined by the movement
of an object or the composite motion of
the components of an objects and
potential energy reflects the potential of
an object to have motion, and generally
is a function of the position of an object
within a field or may be stored in the
field itself.
• Living organisms require energy to stay
alive, such as the energy humans get
from food. Human civilizatiom requires
energy to function, which it gets from
energy resources such as fossil fuels,
nuclear fuel, or renewable energy. The
processes of Earth’s climate and
ecosystem are driven by the radiant
energy, Earth receives from the sun and
the geothermal energy contained within
the earth.
ELECTROCHEMICAL
ENERGY
• Electrochemical Energy
• Electrochemical Energy. The Electrochemical energy is
defined as “the energy which converts electrical energy to
chemical energy and vice versa.” The electrochemical
energy is related to fuel cells, photo electrochemical,
and energy storage systems such as batteries, super
capacitors or ultra-capacitors.

• battery is a device that is able to store electrical energy in

the form of chemical energy, and convert that energy into
electricity,
 NUCLEAR
CHEMISTRY
 • Nuclear Chemistry
• Nuclear chemistry is the subfield of chemistry dealing with radioactivity, nuclear processes, and
transformations in the nuclei of atoms, such as nuclear transmutation, and nuclear properties.
•It is the chemistry of radioactive elements such as the actinides, radium and radon together with the chemistry
associated with equipment (such as nuclear reactors) which are designed to perform nuclear processes. This
includes the corrosion of surfaces and the behavior under conditions of both normal and abnormal operation
(such as during an accident). An important area is the behavior of objects and materials after being placed into
a nuclear waste storage or disposal site.
• It includes the study of the chemical effects resulting from the absorption of radiation within living animals,
plants, and other materials. The radiation chemistry controls much of radiation biology as radiation has an effect
on living things at the molecular scale, to explain it another way the radiation alters the biochemicals within an
organism, the alteration of the biomolecules then changes the chemistry which occurs within the organism, this
change in chemistry then can lead to a biological outcome. As a result, nuclear chemistry greatly assists the
understanding of medical treatments (such as cancer radiotherapy) and has enabled these treatments to improve.
FUELS
• Fuels
• A fuel is any material that can be made to react with other substances so that it releases energy as heat
energy or to be used for work. The concept was originally applied solely to those materials capable of
releasing chemical energy but has since also been applied to other sources of heat energy such as nuclear
energy (via nuclear fission and nuclear fusion).
• The heat energy released by reactions of fuels is converted into mechanical energy via a heat engine.
Other times the heat itself is valued for warmth, cooking, or industrial processes, as well as the
illumination that comes with combustion. Fuels are also used in the cells of organisms in a process known
as cellular respiration, where organic molecules are oxidized to release usable energy. Hydrocarbons and
related oxygen-containing molecules are by far the most common source of fuel used by humans, but other
substances, including radioactive metals, are also utilized.