GENETICA

MODIFI
LLY
ORGANIS
ED
M
What is
GMO?
A GMO, or genetically
modified organism, is a
plant, animal,
microorganism or other
organism whose genetic
makeup has been modified
in a laboratory using genetic
engineering or transgenic
technology.
 GENETIC MODIFICATION
GENETIC MODIFICATION is a technology
that involves inserting DNA into the
genome of an organism. To produce a GM
plant, new DNA is transferred into plant
Genetic
Modification cells. Usually, the cells are then grown in
tissue culture where they develop into
plants. The seeds produced by these plants
will inherit the new DNA.
A genome is an organism's
complete set of genetic
instructions.

Broadly refers to the total

amount DNA of a single cell of
an organism including genes.
 PURPOSES OF GMOs
Some benefits of genetic engineering in agriculture are
• increased crop yields, reduced costs for food or drug
production,
• reduced need for pesticides,
• enhanced nutrient composition and food quality,
• resistance to pests and disease,
• greater food security, and
• medical benefits to the world's growing population.
 TRIVIAS ABOUT GMOs
• Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen made the first genetically modified
organism in 1973, a bacteria resistant to the antibiotic kanamycin.
• The first genetically modified animal, a mouse, was created in 1974
by Rudolf Jaenisch, and the first plant was produced in 1983.
• In 1994 the Flavr Savr tomato was released, the first
commercialized genetically modified food.
• The first genetically modified animal to be commercialized was
the GloFish (zebra fish) (2003) and
• The first genetically modified animal to be approved for food use was
the AquAdvantage salmon in 2015.
 GMO Descriptio Picture
n

EXAMPLES
OF
Genetically
Modified
Organisms
Are GMOs healthy?

In addition, over the two decades that GMOs have been on the market,

there have been no occurrences of health issues due to genetically
modified organisms. As GMOs stand today, there are no health benefits
to eating them over non-GMO foods.

Where are GMOs banned?

In addition to France and Germany, other European countries that placed

bans on the cultivation and sale of GMOs include Austria, Hungary,
Greece, and Luxembourg. Poland has also tried to institute a ban, with
backlash from the European Commission.
Five sets of ethical concerns have been raised about GM crops:
• potential harm to human health;
• potential damage to the environment;
• negative impact on traditional farming practice;
• excessive corporate dominance; and the
• 'unnaturalness' of the technology.
Can GMOs harm your body?
To this end, many different types of modifications in various crops have
been tested, and the studies have found no evidence that GMOs cause
organ toxicity or other adverse health effects.
Are GMOs safe for human consumption?
Genetically-engineered crops are as safe to eat as their non-GE
counterparts, they have no adverse environmental impacts, and they have
reduced the use of pesticides.
How do GMOs benefit the environment?
Over the last 20 years, GMOs have reduced pesticide applications by
8.2% and helped increase crop yields by 22%. ... Avoiding plastic straws
may be one way that people are trying to help, but allowing farmers to
plant GMO crops to help preserve soil, conserve water, and reduce
carbon emissions is another way.

Why GMOS are bad for the environment?

Not only have GMO crops not improved yields, they have vastly
increased the use of glyphosate, the active ingredient in Monsanto's
Roundup herbicide. ... The explosion in glyphosate use is not only bad for
farmers' health, it's also bad for the environment, especially for certain
birds, insects and other wildlife.