CLIMATE CHANGE

Laguna State Polytechnic University - San Pablo City

OBJECTIVES:
• Definition of Climate- its features and the factors affecting
it
• Definition of Climate Change- its CAUSES and EFFECT and
ways of mitigating it

Laguna State Polytechnic University - San Pablo City

CLIMATE
• Climate means the usual condition of the
temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind,
rainfall, and other meteorological elements in an area
of the Earth's surface for a long time. In simple terms
climate is the average weather condition for about
thirty years.

Laguna State Polytechnic University - San Pablo City

Features of Climate
• There are differences in climate around the world. Why?
because of differing amounts of radiation received from the Sun at different parts of
the Earth at different times of the year

Laguna State Polytechnic University - San Pablo City

Laguna State Polytechnic University - San Pablo City
FACTORS AFFECTING CLIMATE
1. Latitude- temperatures decrease as you move away from the equator
2. Altitude- Temperatures decrease with height. The air is less dense and
cannot hold heat as easily. The temperature usually decreases by 1°C for
every 100 meters in altitude.
3. Winds
4. Distance from the sea

Laguna State Polytechnic University - San Pablo City

Why Philippines has no snow?
• With the Philippines' tropical and maritime climate characterized by three
elements – high temperature, high humidity, and abundant rainfall – the
conditions are simply not right to form snow. ... The Philippines also
experiences high relative humidity (the moisture content of the
atmosphere).

Laguna State Polytechnic University - San Pablo City

LOCATION OF THE PHILIPPINES
• Exact location of the Philippines: 12.8797° N, 121.7740° E

• The Philippines is located in both the northern and eastern hemispheres,

and are positioned off the southeastern coast of Asia, directly east of
Vietnam and northeast of Malaysia.

Laguna State Polytechnic University - San Pablo City

Laguna State Polytechnic University - San Pablo City
What is Climate Change? Climate change refers to
significant, long-term changes in the global climate.

What is Global Warming?

Global warming is the slow increase in the average temperature of the earth’s
atmosphere because an increased amount of the energy (heat) striking the
earth from the sun is being trapped in the atmosphere and not radiated out
into space.
How does Global Warming drive Climate Change?
Because all systems in the global climate system are connected, adding heat
energy causes the global climate as a whole to change.

Laguna State Polytechnic University - San Pablo City

10 INDICATORS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
7 Indicators of Climate Change (RISING)
1. Rising air temperature over land
2. Sea-surface temperature
3. Air temperature over oceans
4. Sea level
5. Ocean heat
6. Humidity
7. Tropospheric temperature
3 Indicators of Climate Change
(DECLINING)
1. Declining arctic sea ice
2. Glaciers
3. Spring snow cover in the
Northern Hemisphere
Laguna State Polytechnic University - San Pablo City
CAUSES OF CLIMATE CHANGE
1. Natural Forces – Sun and volcanoes
2. Anthropological activities - Human influence of climate change
• 5 gases responsible for 99.5% of the greenhouse gas and acts as a feedback to climate
• Water vapor – most prevalent Green House Gas, accounts 4% of the composition of the atmosphere
• Carbon dioxide (CO2)- factories, transportation and over population are some of the causes
• Methane (CH4) - hydrocarbon gas produced through natural sources and human activities, accounts for
20% of the enhanced greenhouse effect
• Nitrous oxide (N2O)– laughing gas, a chemical compound that is used as oxidizer in rocketry and in
motor racing to increase the power outputs of engine
• CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons) – organic compound that contains carbon, chlorine, and fluorine produced
as a volatile derivative of methane and ethane. In 1978, the Montreal Protocol on Substances that
deplete the Ozone layer was adopted as an international treaty to eliminate the production and
consumption of ozone-depleting chemical

Laguna State Polytechnic University - San Pablo City

Laguna State Polytechnic University - San Pablo City
Ways to Mitigate Climate Change
1. Reforestation
2. Use bioenergy
3. Reduced fertilizer used
4. Anaerobic digestion of waste
5. Conservation of energy

Laguna State Polytechnic University - San Pablo City