Vocabulary

Vocabulary is the basic of learning English Language.

It can be in the form of nouns and verbs.

Vocabularyis divided into two :

Nouns Verbs

WHO? WHAT? WHERE? WHAT?

People Animals and Interesting Actions

man, boy, girl, insects places swim, eat, talk, walk,
lady, woman, tiger, cat, spider, beach, island sleep, watch, jump,
Puan Aminah, Ali, centipede, movements of
he, she, they, we parts of animals : Historical places animals: slither,
mane, claw, beak, Langkawi Island, swing, hop, swim,
Occupations feather, fur, scales Malacca crawl
policeman,
postman, pilot, Plants Places in the Be-verb
teacher, fireman, flower, mango situation am, is, are, was, were
librarian tree, hedges, school,
parts of plants : shopping Have- verb
Relationship roots, leaves, complex, has, have had
father, aunt, airport, counter,
nephew, uncle, Things library
niece, mother, computer, taxi,
parents, bag
grandmother
 FAMILY OF
NOUNS
Article
An article is used in front of nouns :
1. Peter is eating an apple.
2. The big blue car belongs to my father
3. Mrs Lim has a Persian cat. The cat is very beautiful.
Singular / plural nouns

Quantifier
Tell us about the quantity or amount of something.
We use some, many, lots of, plenty of and a few with countable nouns.
Examples :
There’re some dogs in front of the house.
I have many friends in school.
We use some, much, a lot of and a little with uncountable nouns
Examples :
I want a little sugar in the coffee.
There is not much salt in the jar.
Collective nouns
Are used for a group or collection of people, animals or things.
1. The guests were entertained by a band of musicians.
2. Indonesia is made up of a group of islands.
3. A fleet of ships sailed to the harbour.
Pronouns
Personal Pronouns Possessive Adjective Possessive Pronouns
SubjectS
Subject / object
I - me my mine
We - us our ours
You - you your yours
He - him his his
She - her her hers
They - them their theirs
It - It its its

Adjectives
An adjective is a word which adds to the meaning of a noun (tell us more about a noun)
1. The tree is tall.
2. The big red bag belongs to Rajesh.
3. Alya has a new digital camera. 2
 FAMILY OF
VERBS
Adverbs
An adverb tell us more about an action.
1. They are walking quickly.
2. The girl is singing sweetly.

Verb to be
Present Tense Past Tense

Singular is was
VERB-TO-BE
Plural are were

Verb to have
Present Tense Past Tense
Singular has
VERB-TO-HAVE had
Plural have

Action verbs
Present Tense Past Tense
Singular goes
ACTION VERBS went
Plural go

Tenses
He She It I We You They
is am are
Present Tense does do do
has have have
was was were
Past did did did
Tense had had had

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 Why do you think it is important for us to acquire a wide
range of vocabulary? Look at the sentences below:

1. The boy is reading a book.

2. The boy is sitting on the couch.

Sentence is like a fish!

Head Body Tail

Subject Verb Object

Who? What? How? What? Where? Why?
(To describe the (To describe the
(To describe the verb)
people) nouns)
The boy is reading a book.
The boy is sitting on the couch.

Vocabulary is central to English language teaching because without

sufficient vocabulary students cannot understand others or express
their own ideas.

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Constructing | Sentences
Construct sentences based on the pictures. Use the sentence table to write.

SUBJECT VERB OBJECT

     

SUBJECT VERB OBJECT

     

SUBJECT VERB OBJECT

     
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Constructing | Sentences

SUBJECT VERB OBJECT

     

SUBJECT VERB OBJECT

     

SUBJECT VERB OBJECT

     

SUBJECT VERB OBJECT

     

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STEP IN WRITING A STORY OR SERIAL PICTURE
COMPOSITION

Write at least 3 paragraphs – introduction, contents and closure

 
Introduction – 1 paragraph only
• look at all the pictures.
• find the main character and the other character in the pictures
• get the ideas of the story
• ask questions like who is the main character? What is he?
• where is the place? something special about the place of the events
• Write not more then two lines for the introduction and try to use one good idiomatic expression
here.

Contents- most important part and can be more than 1 paragraph

• brainstorm the verbs related to the pictures one by one
• write them down in the verbs column in the sentence table or SVO table
• then arrange according to time which happened first and the next
 
Closure – 1 paragraph only
• the conclusion of the story
• write about the feelings ,hopes, lesson learnt and experience gained from the incidents

INTRODUCTIONS
•Amir who is twelve years old is a friendly and helpful boy. Afif, Akif and Akmal are his good
friends. They love fishing.
•Amalia is a helpful girl. She is ten years old. Amalia is a student of Sekolah Kebangsaan Seri
Inas.
•Encik Aiman is a doctor. He is a loving man. Encik Aiman has a beautiful wife with two lovely
children. He usually takes his family for holidays.
•Sekolah Kebangsaan Seri Puteri is a big school. It is situated in the town of Bagan Serai.
•
CONCLUSIONS
•They went home tired but happy. They enjoyed themselves very much.
•They had a wonderful time. It was a memorable day for them.
•Fawwaz was glad he had done a good job. His teachers / parents were proud of him. They
praised him for his good deed.
•Asma was glad she could help the little boy. The boy’s parents thanked her for her helpfulness.
They gave her a reward.
•Azizi had learnt his lesson. He regretted and promised never
to do it again

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TIME FRAME
- It was a fine day
- It was a fine Sunday
morning/afternoon/evening/night
- It was rainy/cloudy/sunny/windy day

LINKERS &
EXPRESSION
- At last - Luckily
- At once - A while later
- On the way - Upon arriving
- Being curious - Apart from that
- Before leaving - From a distance
- Ten minutes later - On seeing the incident
- Along the journey - After resting for a while
- Without hesitation - After five minutes struggle
- Without second - While waiting for the
thought
- Without wasting ambulane
- etc
anytime

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 Know your verbs!
- Regular Verbs -
Present Tense Past Tense Present Tense Past Tense
walk pitch
play camp
watch collect
study cook
carry open
weigh lock
look close
clean serve
pick happen
reach arrange

- Irregular Verbs -
Present Tense Past Tense Present Tense Past Tense

eat drink
run write
go read
hold hang
catch shut
teach drive
buy make
sell lead
choose feel
take think

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 Ways to brainstorm verbs

From given From picture

words
enjoyed Sat , ate
,swam

enjoyed – food – windy - mat

Describe
imagination characters/situation
brought ,
drove were
happy
lives – parents – village – helps – look after –
small – house – farmer animals – work – farm –
vegetables

morning – barn – saw – next day – quickly – took

gave birth – calf – care – fed – proud – help
immediately - called 11
Subject Verb Object

Who What / How What / Where / Why

art., tenses, adverbs, art., prep. – in, on, conj. – but,

quantifiers, vtb, similes quantifiers, onto, onto, since, for,
coll. nouns, vth coll. nouns, at, along, because, to,
sn_pn, sn_pn, under, near when, while
pronouns pronouns

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Subject Verb Object

Who What / How What / Where / Why

art., tenses, adverbs, art., prep. – in, on, conj. – but,

quantifiers, vtb, similes quantifiers, onto, onto, since, for,
coll. nouns, vth coll. nouns, at, along, because, to,
sn_pn, sn_pn, under, near when, while
pronouns pronouns

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 Walking – hockey-game school Opened-money- identity card
Saw- purse

Went-headmaster-told-gave- Two days – assembly – handed –

called-owner thanked – praised - proud

INTRODUCTION

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Content 1: from the from the
Brainstorm words given picture

walked home – hockey- saw- purse

describing
from
character / feeling /
imagination
situation
SVO table
Subject Verb Object
Who What / How What / Where / Why
art., quantifiers, tenses, adverbs, similes art., quantifiers, prep. – in, on, conj. – but,
coll. nouns, vtb, coll. nouns, onto, onto, at, since, for,
sn_pn, vth sn_pn, along, under, because, to,
pronouns pronouns near when, while

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Content 1:
from the from the
Brainstorm words given picture

Opened-money- identity card

describing
from
character / feeling /
imagination
situation
SVO table
Subject Verb Object
Who What / How What / Where / Why
art., quantifiers, tenses, adverbs, similes art., quantifiers, prep. – in, on, conj. – but,
coll. nouns, vtb, coll. nouns, onto, onto, at, since, for,
sn_pn, vth sn_pn, along, under, because, to,
pronouns pronouns near when, while

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Content 1: from the from the
Brainstorm words given picture

Went-headmaster-told-gave-
called-owner

describing
from
character / feeling /
imagination
situation
SVO table
Subject Verb Object
Who What / How What / Where / Why
art., quantifiers, tenses, adverbs, similes art., quantifiers, prep. – in, on, conj. – but,
coll. nouns, vtb, coll. nouns, onto, onto, at, since, for,
sn_pn, vth sn_pn, along, under, because, to,
pronouns pronouns near when, while

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Content 1: from the from the
Brainstorm words given picture

Two days – assembly – handed –

thanked – praised - proud

describing
from
character / feeling /
imagination
situation
SVO table
Subject Verb Object
Who What / How What / Where / Why
art., quantifiers, tenses, adverbs, similes art., quantifiers, prep. – in, on, conj. – but,
coll. nouns, vtb, coll. nouns, onto, onto, at, since, for,
sn_pn, vth sn_pn, along, under, because, to,
pronouns pronouns near when, while

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Rewrite the story the story within 50 to 80 words.

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POWER WORDS
One of the elements needed to write excellent compositions is to have an expressive
minds that is to use Power Words.

Words describing the weather or surroundings

the sky was a brilliant blue
the fresh morning air was crisp
it was raining cats and dogs outside it rained
the splendid morning
a bright and cherry day
the sun was shinning brilliantly

More good expression

to and fro - move front and back
burst into laughter – started laughing
avid reader/bookworm - having great interest in
drenched from head to toe – soaking wet
crystal clear – clear water
came into view – appeared to be seen
at full speed – very fast
without hesitation - immediately
as he rounded the corner – walked around the corner
within minutes – in a short while; soon
numerous time - many time (reminded him numerous time not to play in the mining
pool)
with all his might –using all his energy…he screamed with all his might)
tears streaming down his cheek – crying
were elated to see – happy to see
auspicious – good
made their way to – went to the place
went home exhausted bur elated – tired but happy
had a whale of a time playing – had an enjoying time
the students readily gather in groups
smiled bashfully – smile
without a second thought- tanpa berfikir panjang
winced in pain – groan painfully
learnt a valuable lesson – regretted his wrong doing(closure)

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gorgeous view – beautiful scenery
under the sweltering heat – a very hot day
to her astonishment – shocked/ was surprised
just then – as soon as…sebaik sahaja
within minutes -soon
dwell away – spend time
keep him company – giving companionship/menemaninya
view was spectacular – was very beautiful or stunning
stunned with the beauty of the ambience – terpegun dgn kecantikan di kawasan tersebut
lent a hand – helped
spick and span – completely clean
worked hand in hand – work together
put one`s foot forward- try to do the best

Words describing the weather or surroundings

1.The sky was a brilliant blue
2.The fresh morning air was crisp.
3.It was raining cats and dogs outside
4. the splendid morning
5. The sky was crystal clear
6. It was a bright cherry day
7. The sun shines brilliantly
8. It was a bright sunlit morning
9. a charming day – a beautiful day

Movement
1. at a full speed- run very fast
2. Tumbled down – fell, and roll over and over
3. Rounded the corner – walked around the corner
4. Made their way - went to the place
5. Walked to and fro move front and back

Describing appearance of something

1. Crystal clear – clear water
2. Avid reader – like to read
3. Auspicious – good
4. Gorgeous view –beautiful scenery
5. View was spectacular – view was beautiful

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v v
v v

v v
v

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Subject Verb Object

Who What / How What / Where / Why

art., tenses, adverbs, art., prep. – in, on, conj. – but,

quantifiers, vtb, similes quantifiers, onto, onto, since, for,
coll. nouns, vth coll. nouns, at, along, because, to,
sn_pn, sn_pn, under, near when, while
pronouns pronouns

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Subject Verb Object

Who What / How What / Where / Why

art., tenses, adverbs, art., prep. – in, on, conj. – but,

quantifiers, vtb, similes quantifiers, onto, onto, since, for,
coll. nouns, vth coll. nouns, at, along, because, to,
sn_pn, sn_pn, under, near when, while
pronouns pronouns

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Subject Verb Object

Who What / How What / Where / Why

art., tenses, adverbs, art., prep. – in, on, conj. – but,

quantifiers, vtb, similes quantifiers, onto, onto, since, for,
coll. nouns, vth coll. nouns, at, along, because, to,
sn_pn, sn_pn, under, near when, while
pronouns pronouns

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