GRINDING

Xedrick
Oliver
Definition:
• Grinding is a process of removing material
by abrasive action of a revolving wheel on
the surface of a work-piece in order to
bring it to required shape and size.
• The wheel used for performing the
grinding operation is known as a grinding
wheel. It consists of sharp crystal called
abrasive held together by a binding
material or bond.
Wheel Materials
1. Abrasive: it is that material of grinding
wheel which does the cutting action
Natural Abrasive:
The common natural abrasives are sand
stone, emery, corundum, and diamond
The sand stone is used only for sharpening
some wood-working tool
Diamond is used for dressing the grinding
wheel and acts as an abrasive material for
hard material
Artificial Abrasive:
These are manufactured under controlled
conditions in closed electric furnaces in order
to avoid the introduction of impurities and to
achieve the necessary temperature for
chemical reactions to take place
Artificial Diamond:
The diamond produce through artificial means
are quite comparable to the natural diamond
in their grinding characteristics and give better
result than the latter
Different types of grinding process
• Cylindrical grinding-
• generally used for generating external
cylindrical surface
• Surface grinding-
• generally used generating flat surface

• Centerless grinding-
• is a machining process that uses abrasive
cutting to remove a material from a workpiece in
a different way
• Grade – the grade of a bonded abrasive is a
measure of its bond strength. It is also referred to
as the hardness of a bonded abrasive
• Bond – is the substance that acts as a binder to
hold the abrasive grains together in the form of
sharpening stones or grinding wheels
• Several types of bonding materials used for making
grinding wheels,
1. Vitrified Bond
2. Silicate Bond
3. Shellac Bond
4. Resinoid Bond
5. Oxychloride Bond
6. Rubber Bond
Types of bonding materials
1. Vitrified bonding process: vitrified wheels are made by
bonding clay melted to a glass like consistency with abrasive
grains
2. Silicate bonding process: silicate bonding wheels are made
by mixing abrasive grains with silica of soda or water glass
3. Shellac bonding process: shellac bond wheels are also
known as elastic bonded wheels
4. Resinoid bonding process: resinoid wheels are produced by
mixing abrasive grains with synthetic resins and other
compounds
5. Oxychloride bonding process: this process consists of
mixing abrasive grains with oxide and chloride of magnesium
6. Rubber bonding process: rubber wheels are produced by
mixing abrasive grains with pure rubber and sulphur