Pest and Disease Detection from Plant Leaves

using Enhanced AlexNet Model

Sk. Sameer(188W1A0550)
B. Niharika(188W1A0510) Guide:
M. Rohith(188W1A0537) Dr S. Vasavi mam
V. Abhishek(188W1A0554)
ABSTRACT
• Toxic Pests are the main reason behind the decrease of the product quality of many industries. They
have a negative impact on the production process. Hence, it becomes necessary task to detect the
pests at a earlier stage, so that there won't be any loss in future. But it's very difficult to classify the
different insect species because of high similarities in features between them, and it becomes highly
challenging when dealing with those already caught on traps. After inspired by the features of the
Neural Network (CNN) this paper makes a way to identify various types of insects by their
available images, by different image processing techniques and modified AlexNet. This modified
and trained AlexNet model achieves a good accuracy on an examination, demonstrating the
feasibility of the approach. It consists of 32 groups of various healthy and infected plant leaves.
• Keywords: Deep CNN, Plant disease, image pre-processing , classification, feature extraction,
AlexNet
Problem Statement
• Plant diseases have turned into a dilemma as it can cause significant reduction in both quality and
quantity of agricultural products.
• Automatic detection of plant diseases is an essential research topic as it may prove benefits in
monitoring large fields of crops.
• The proposed system is a software solution for automatic detection and classification of plant leaf
diseases.

Motivation
• The main motive for this project is the consequences we must face if early pest detection and control is
not done.
• To increase the crop production by reducing the growth of pests and plant diseases earlier.
• To reduce the farmer suicides because of pests and plant diseases.
Objective
To develop a website
• To design such system that can detect crop disease and pest accurately
• Farmers can easily identify the type of pest easily and use appropriate pesticides.

Scope
• Farmers of corn, tomato, apple, grape, potato, strawberry, pepper gets benefited by our
project
• This present work can contribute to agricultural domain and can be used to help people
for tracking their house plants and also enables the farmers to keep a track of the
harvest.
• It contributes for global level productivity.
Place
• We selected Chinaogirala village and Corn crop as major crop.

Client
• Farmer is the primary client of our project.
• General people can also look after their plants such as in Nurseries, and in houses.
 Literature Review
Plant Disease Detection and Classification using CNN Model with Optimized Activation Function:
This paper deals with the optimized real time detection of diseases that affect the plant and the area affected using
Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) algorithms . The activation function is the core of the CNN model as it incorporates
the non – linearity to have an authentic artificial intelligence system for classification.
Advantages:
●The experimental results on trained databases show that the developed activation function has improved the CNN model
accuracy and performance i.e. 95%.
●The training speed of the CNN model is improved by 83% when implemented in ARM processor using the proposed
optimizer.
Disadvantages:
●ReLu is one among the best activation functions, but has a disadvantage that the derivative of the function is zero for
negative values and leads to neuronal necrosis.
●Optimizer are used to reduce the training and validating time of the model . Even when optimizer functions are used it takes
more time to execute .
Tomato Leaf Disease Detection Using Deep Learning Techniques
This paper proposes to identify the Tomato Plant Leaf disease using image processing techniques
based on Image segmentation, clustering, and open-source algorithms, thus all contributing to a
reliable, safe, and accurate system of leaf disease with the specialization to Tomato Plants.

Advantages:
• The proposed method has 98% accuracy using CNN , which has better accuracy than Deep Neural
Network and ANN techniques
• All adjustable parameters of the leaf portions are optimized by reducing the error over the training
set.

Disadvantages:
• The accuracy varies from disease to disease , It has less accuracy for Leaf Miner, Target Spot .
• It has high computational time.
A Convolution Neural Network based approach to detect the disease in Corn
Crop
A convolution neural network based model has been proposed to identify the disease in corn plant. In
the model an image of corn is passed and it detects the disease in early state

Advantages:
• 1.Early detection of diseases.
• The proposed model performs better the traditional machine learning approaches because in features
are limited in machine learning algorithms. However, in convolution network model itself extract the
features from training data and on the basis of that, it classifies the data.
• Developed model is able to achieve the accuracy of 94%.

Disadvantages:
• VGG 16 Model has more accuracy than the proposed model.
• More Computational power and storage space(128 GB)is required.
• Only applicable to detect leaf diseases.
Plant Disease Detection Using Image Processing:

Image processing is used for the detection of plant diseases. Disease detection involves the steps like
image acquisition, image pre-processing, image segmentation, feature extraction and classification.
This paper discussed the methods used for the detection of plant diseases using their leaves images.

Advantages:
• Detection of diseases in early stages and provides enough time to do what needs to be done and
reduces the risk of huge losses due to diseases .
• Algorithms like K-means clustering, Otsu Threshold Algorithm are used in the phase of Image
segmentation which are light weight and easily implemented.

Disadvantage:
• Image processing models have less accuracy than CNN models.
• The classification of diseases is very bad in the case when huge data is used.
Precision Method for Pest Detection in Plants using the Clustering Algorithm in
Image Processing
The agricultural field is increasingly using image processing to automate its processes. Now
computerized systems are being used for checking the progress of crop and disease of crop. Using
MATLAB software as a tool in image processing, we can find the various types of pests using
multiple algorithms processing is used for the detection of plant diseases. This paper discussed the
methods used for the detection of plant diseases using their leaves images.

Advantages:
• The proposed approach utilizes K-Means clustering, as it takes into account high precision when
contrasted with different advances and expends less time for the processing.
• Here the result is displayed as percentage of infection .Instead of degrading the environment with
pesticides the farmer can use the pesticides based on resultant pest percentage .

Disadvantage:
• Further more improvements can be done by making it more user friendly like an android application
which helps farmers more effectively .
Recognition of Plant Diseases using Convolutional Neural Network

In this paper, the primarily focus on finding the plant diseases and which will reduce the crop loss and
hence increases the production efficiency. The proposed work detects the symptoms of plant diseases
at the very initial stage and classifies plant disease based on the symptoms using a Deep Learning
(DL) technique.
Advantages:
• The proposed approach recognizes the diseases using a deep CNN, with the best accuracy of 96.50%.
• All adjustable parameters of the leaf portions are optimized by reducing the error over the training
set.

Disadvantage:

• Weights are being adjusted to accurately recognize the disease.

• Further more improvements can be done by making it more user friendly like an android application
which helps farmers more effectively .
 Basic Study of Automated Diagnosis of Viral Plant Diseases Using Convolutional
Neural Networks.
In this study, a novel plant disease detection system based on convolutional neural networks (CNN).
They used a total of 800 cucumber leaf images to train CNN using innovative techniques. Under the 4-
fold cross-validation strategy, the proposed CNN-based system classifies cucumbers into two typical
disease classes and a non-diseased class.

Advantages:
• When compared to other traditional machine learning approaches this model gives high accuracy of
94.9%.
• Detecting the dangerous viral infections Melon Yellow Spot Virus (MYSV) and Zucchini Yellow
Mosaic Virus (ZYMV) by using CNN.

Disadvantage:
• Further more improvements can be done by making it more user friendly like an android application
which helps farmers more effectively .
• Only two viral infections can be detected using this approach.
 Plant Disease Detection Using CNN
The proposed plant disease prediction method takes input from the plant's leaves images. Firstly the
data is preprocessed by resizing the input images and further a NumPy array is created for the same.
Next the dataset and label of all the images are segregated. The model has been trained on a specific
data set consisting of images of the different diseased plant leaves which are considered for this study.
Advantages:

• This present work can contribute to agricultural domain and can be used to help people for tracking
their house plants and also enables the farmers to keep a track of the harvest.
• This is implemented on for large data set. The simulation study is carried out using python software
along with Deep Learning and neural networks. 200 images of each of the 15 classes, total of 3000
images has been provided.

Disadvantage:
• The accuracy percentage on the test set is not up to the mark. There is still room for improvement.
• This implementation requires a high end systems with high configurations.
Proposed system diagram