Common faults in weaving

and their analysis and

remedies.
Weaving:
Weaving is the process of interlacement of two sets of straight yarns,
warp and weft yarns according to a specific plan which cross and
interlace at right angles to each other for constructing a fabric. The
lengthwise yarns are known as warp yarns and width wise yarns are
known as weft or filling yarns and the fabric produced is known as 
woven fabric. In the simplest of woven fabrics, yarns are found only
in two directions: warp yarns along the length and weft yarns along
the width. It can also be observed that warp yarn rides at a certain
location above the weft, and at certain other locations, weft yarn rides
above the warp. This pattern is repeated all over a woven fabric. The
machine used for weaving fabric is a loom. It is a complex work. A
number of faults occur in fabric during weaving process. Common
weaving faults in fabric are given below.
List of Weaving Faults / Defects /
Problems in Fabric:
Faults found in fabric ruin the aesthetic appeal and quality of the final
garment, making it really important to identify and take corrective
measures at the right time. There are many reasons for defects in fabric.
Among them weaving faults in fabric is very common. 
Defects in woven fabric can be a result of yarn imperfections,
incorrect weaving process, errors in the finishing process etc.
1.Warp streaks
2.Reediness
3.Weft bar
4.Weft crack
5.Thick and thin places
6.Weft loops
7.Box marks
8.High incidence of warp breaks
9.Weft breaks
10.Shuttle traps
11.Shuttle flying
12.Smashes
13.Bad selvedge
14.Broken picks
15.Bullet
16.Half pick
17.Broken end
18.Coarse end
19.Coarse pick
20.Slough off
 Common Faults of weaving Process
1.Common faults of weaving
 Defects found in fabric ruin the aesthetic appeal and quality of
the final garment, making it really important to identify and take
corrective measures at the right time.
 Defects in woven fabric can be a result of
 Yarn imperfections
 Incorrect weaving process
 Errors in the finishing process.
2. Common Faults
 Double end  Wrong end color  Slub or slug  Broken end 
Double pick  Balls  Holes  Oil spot  Reed mark  Foreign
material  High twist yarn  Thick and thin places
  DOUBLE END  REASON  This kind of fault is
produced in woven fabric when the two ends of warp sticks
get together after sizing.  REMEDIE  Proper sizing.
  WRONG END COLOR  REASON  It happens due
to wrong drawing of colored yarn.  REMEDIE  Proper
drawing
 SLUB  It is caused by an extra piece of yarn that is
woven into fabric.  It can also be caused by thick places in
the yarn.  REDMIDIE  Ensure proper spinning and yarn
cleaning during winding.
 Broken ends  Space created in the fabric when a yarn
partially or completely is missing from the fabric  Caused
by improper working of warp stop motion  Remedies 
Check warp stop motion assembly before weaving starts
  DOUBLE PICK  REASON  This defect happens
when more than one pick is inserted in the single shed.  
REMEDIE  Proper pirn changing with weft feeder
mechanism.
.  BALLS  REASON  If the warp is hairy or thick then reed will
beat it then creates the ball.  REMEDIE  Change the reed or
reduce the tension of warp ends .
 HOLES  REASON  Hairy yarns.  REMEDIE  If we control the
balls the holes will control automatically .
  OILL SPOT  RAESON  Too much oiling on loom shed. 
REMEDIE  Can be removed by dry cleaning.  It is remove in the
scouring process .
  REED MARK  REASON  Caused by high warp tension. 
REMEDIE  Ensure warp tension as required  Early shed timing.
.  FOREIGN MATERIAL  REASON  If the yarn contain foreign
material like plastic ,seed etc.  REMEDY: • to check the yarn in
during spinning
 HIGH TWIST OF YARN  REASON  High TPI of yarn.  REMEDIE 
To buy a suitable tpi yarn.
. Thick and Thin places  Reason .  Count variation  Remedies. 
To ensure constant count during the process.
Thank you