TAGUCHI

Taguchi method is a statistical method developed by Taguchi and

Konishi .Initially it was developed for improving the quality of goods
manufactured, later it was expanded to many other fields .
Fields such as Engineering, ,Marketing and
Biotechnology Advertising.
 Sometimes called robust design methods.
Process
Optimization
The most common goals are minimizing cost, maximizing throughout,
and/or efficiency.
This is one of the major quantitative tools in industrial
decision- making.
 Taguchi’s
Method
Taguchi method contains system design, parameter design, and
tolerance design procedures to achieve a robust process and result for
the best product quality.
Taguchi designs provide a powerful and efficient method for
designing processes that operate consistently and optimally over a
variety of conditions.
• Experimental design methods were developed in the early years
of 20th century but they were not easy to use.
Taguchi's approach is easy to be adopted and applied for users with
limited knowledge of statistics.
Hence it has gained a wide popularity in the engineering and
scientific community.
 Taguchi specified three situations:
 Larger the better (for example, agricultural yield).
 Smaller the better (for example, carbon dioxide emissions);
and
On-target, minimum-variation (for example, a mating part in an
assembly).
 contributions OF
TAGUCHI
 A specific loss function
 The philosophy of off-line quality control and
 Taguchi rule for manufacturing.
Formula:
Loss at a point: L(x) = k*(x-t)^2
where,
k = loss coefficient
x = measured value
t = target value
Average Loss of a sample set: L = k*(s^2 + (pm - t)^2)
where,
s = standard deviation of sample
pm = process mean
 Total Loss = Avg. Loss * number
of samples
A specific loss function:
 Used to measure financial loss to society resulting from poor quality.
The philosophy of off-line quality control:
Taguchi proposed a standard 8-step procedure for applying
his method for optimizing any process.
Rule for manufacturing:
The process has three stages:
 System design
 Parameter (measure) design
 Tolerance design
System design:
 Involving creativity and innovation.
Parameter (measure) design:
 Detail design phase.
 The parameters to be chosen so as to minimize the effects.
 This is sometimes called robustification.
Tolerance design:
Resources to be focused on reducing and
controlling variation in the critical few dimensions.
 Steps involved in Taguchi
method
• Identify the main function and its side effects.
• Identify the testing condition and quality characteristics.
• Identify the objective function to be optimized.
• Identify the control factors and their levels.
• Select a suitable Orthogonal Array and construct the Matrix
• Conduct the Matrix experiment.
• Examine the data; predict the optimum control factor levels and its
performance.
• Conduct the verification experiment.
 Taguchi Techniques
Dr Taguchi's Signal-to-Noise ratios (S/N), which are log functions is
based on “ORTHOGONAL ARRAY” experiments which gives much
reduced “variance” for the experiment with “optimum settings “of
control parameters.

"Orthogonal Arrays" (OA) provide a set of well balanced desired

output, serve as objective functions for optimization, help in data
analysis and prediction of optimum results.
 Mathematical
modelling:
The parameters affecting a process that can be controlled have
been determined, the levels at which these parameters should be
varied must be determined.

The Taguchi method is a powerful tool for designing high quality

systems.
If the difference between the minimum and maximum is large, the
values being tested further.
 Design of Experiment Requires
Planning
 Design and Communicate the Objective:
 Define the Process:
 Select a Response and Measurement System:
 Ensure that the Measurement System is Adequate:
 Select Factors to be studied:
 Select the Experimental Design:
 Set Factor Levels:
 Final Design Considerations:
 Analysing and Examining
Result
Determine the parameters signification (ANOVA)-Analysis of
variance.
Conduct a main effect plot analysis to determine the optimal level of
the control factors.
 Execute a factor contribution rate analysis.
 Confirm experiment and plan future application.