X e n e

a n d M t e s
A X p o s i
M d c om
hy b ri is la Ka m il
Pr
m ad m
Muha

s , F a ll
a t er ia l 1 5
br i d M 20
d Hy
va nce
Ad
Definition: MAX phase
“Ductile Ceramic” – Combination of metallic and
ceramic properties

Mn+1AXn
with n =
1,2 or 3

 Ternary metal carbides/nitrides

 Layered hexagonal structure
P63/mmc
 e.g. Ti2AlC (211)
V3SiC2 (312)
Ti4AlN3 (413)
Barsoum, M.W. Progress in Solid State Chemistry 28 (2000) 201 – 281
MAX phase: properties and application
 Ceramic-like properties:  Metal-like properties
Hardness Ductility and machinability
Compressive strength Electrical & thermal conductivity
Oxidation & corrosion resistant Radiation-resistant
Thermal shock resistant
High melting point

 Applications:
Machinable refractories
Heating elements
Burner Nozzles
Nuclear processing
etc.
MAX phase: hybrid composites
 MAX-Oxide
Wan et al J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 2007.
90. 553-558
Chen et al J.
Mater.Sci.Technol.2006. 22.455-458
 MAX-HA for biomaterials:
Shi et al J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
2006.89. 743-745
 MAX-AX and MAX-MX
W. Jiang et al. Journal of Nuclear
Materials 462 (2015) 310–320
Tian et al. Mater.Sci.Eng.A.
2009.A526.16-21
 MAX-Metals:
Zhang et al. Mater. Res. Innnovat.
1999. 3. 80-84
MAX phase exfoliation : MXene

Z. Li et al. / Materials Science and Engineering B 191 (2015) 33–40

Naguib et al/ ACS Nano 6 (2012) 1322-1331
MXene: Hybrid Composites
 MXene-Li or Na for battery anode  MXene-TiO2 for biosensor

M. Naguib et al. Electrochemistry Communications 16 (2012) 61–64

Wang et al/ Nature Communications (2015) 7544 F.Wang et al Biosensors and Bioelectronics 74 (2015) 1022–1028

 MXene-Cu2O for rocket propellant catalyst  MXene-PDMAEMA for hydrophilic-hydrophobic

transition

Y. Gao et al. Solid State Sciences 35 (2014) 62e65

Chen et al. Chemistry Communications. XXXX