Migratory Birds

Anannya Mukherjee
7C 30
English literature
What are bird migration?

 Bird migration is the regular seasonal movement, often

north and south along a flyway,
between breeding and wintering grounds. Many species
of bird migrate. Migration carries high costs in predation
and mortality, including from hunting by humans, and is
driven primarily by availability of food. It occurs mainly in
the northern hemisphere, where birds are funneled on to
specific routes by natural barriers such as
the Mediterranean Sea or the Caribbean Sea.
General pattern of migration
 Migration is the regular seasonal movement, often north
and south, undertaken by many species of birds. Bird
movements include those made in response to changes in
food availability, habitat, or weather. Sometimes,
journeys are not termed "true migration" because they are
irregular (nomadism, invasions, irruptions) or in only one
direction (dispersal, movement of young away from natal
area). Migration is marked by its annual seasonality. Non-
migratory birds are said to be resident or sedentary.
Approximately 1800 of the world's 10,000 bird species are
long-distance migrants.
Migratory birds
 Migratory bird is a bird that travels from one place to another at
regular times often over long distances. 
Greater flamingo
 The greater flamingo is the most widespread and largest
species of the flamingo family. It is found in Africa, on the
Indian subcontinent, in the Middle East, and in southern
Europe. 
 Scientific name: Phoenicopterus roseus
 Height: 1.1 – 1.5 m (Adult)
 Conservation status: Least Concern (Population increasing) 
 Mass: 2 – 4 kg (Adult)
 Higher classification: Phoenicopterus
 Family: Phoenicopteridae
 Food habits:  Flamingos eat larva, small insects, blue-green
and red algae, mollusks, crustaceans and small fish
Indian golden oriole
 The Indian golden oriole is a species of oriole found in the
Indian subcontinent and Central Asia. The species was
formerly considered to be a subspecies of the Eurasian
golden oriole, but is now considered a full species. 
 Scientific name: Oriolus kundoo
 Higher classification: Old World orioles
 Rank: Species
 Class: Aves
 Family: Oriolidae
 Kingdom: Animalia
 Food habits: Golden orioles are carnivores (insectivores) and herbivores
(frugivore). They feed mainly on small insects and fruits and sometimes
seeds, nectar, and pollen. On rare occasions, they may catch small mammals,
small lizards, eggs, and nestlings.
Acknowledgement
I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my
teacher Debolina ma’am as well as our principal who gave
me the Golden opportunity to do this wonderful project on
the topic Migratory Birds which also helped me in doing a lot
of research and I came to know about so many new things . I
am really thankful to them.

Secondly I would also like to thank my

parents and my friends who helped me a lot in finalizing this
project within the limited time frame.