DYNAMICS OF MACHINES

• To know the purpose for which the m/c is

needed.
• To develop concept design.
• To analyze the motion involved
- Kinematics
• To calculate & analyze the forces and torques
required for producing the motion
- Kinetics
• To give physical shape to the components.
- Machine Design
 STATIC FORCE ANALYSIS IN
MACHINES
• To evaluate the forces acting on the machine
members at a particular configuration.

• Each configuration is considered as system of

rigid bodies in static equilibrium
under the action of external forces.

• Helps in finding load carried by each part of the

machine during cycle of its operation
 TYPES OF FORCES
• Applied forces :
Gas, hydraulic & pneumatic forces etc..
Electrical, magnetic & gravity forces
• Constraint forces :
Reaction forces.
• Friction forces.
• Inertia forces.
Due to mass of accelerating parts
Condition for static equilibrium
F1
F2

•∑ Fi =0
M/c part
CG
F5

• ∑ Mi = 0
F4 F3
EQUATIONS FOR STATIC
EQUILIBRIUM

Fi = 0

M i= 0
 EQUILIBRIUM OF TWO FORCE
AND THREE FORCE MEMBERS
Two force member in equilibrium

F2

F1
 THREE FORCE MEMBER IN
EQUILIBRIUM
F1
F2 F1
F2

O O

F3
F3
 STATIC FORCE ANALYSIS IN SLIDER-CRANK MACHANISM

3 2
4 FBDof
P O2 Link 2
B 1 C12
F32 2
F34
F12
4
P
F34 F23
F14 FBDof
Link 3 A
F14 P
3
FBDof
Link 4 B

F43
 STATIC FORCE ANALYSIS IN 4-BAR MECHANISM
F34 O
3 B
A
C F14
4 4
2 P
P P F14

F34
O2 O4
F43
3
F32 h
C12 F23
F12
O2

C12 = F32 X h
P 6 O2

C 5
B
3 6
A P
2 F56
C 5
O2

4 F16
1

O4 F56 F16
 F65
5
F45
C
O
F54

LINE
OF
OF
ACT F54
F3 IO N F14
4
3 F34
LI
NE
OF

4
F 14
F
AC
TI
O
N

F32
A
2 F43
3
C12 F23
O2 F12
Inertia force - ma
-Inertia torque - Iα
 D’ Alemberts principle
In order to find the effect of inertia of
the actual link on the forces
transmitted to the adjacent links of a
mechanism, the actual link may be
replaced by a rigid mass-less link to
which inertia force F i = -ma is applied.
The mass-less link is then under
equilibrium under systems of forces
along with inertia force.