CAG 2013

TANAMAN BIJIRIN DAN

BIJIAN

SEM2 2012/2013

EFFYANTI MOHD SHUIB

 FERTILIZATION

17 essential elements for plant growth

C, H,O, N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Mo, Cu,
B, Zn, Cl, Si
Primary : N, P, K
Secondary: Ca, Mg, S
Minor/trace: Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, B, Mo, Cl, Si
Factors affected rice plant nutrient uptake:
Climate
Soil properties
Amount and type of fertilizers applied
Variety
Method of cultivation
Ecology
Element Functions
Nitrogen Essential component of DNA, RNA, proteins

Phosphorus Energy storage, transport of metabolites, cell membrane

integrity,
Favor plant protection against diseases

Potassium Osmoregulation, enzyme activation, regulation of stomatal

fuction,
Transport of assimilates, cell wall synthesis, cellular pH
Can increase the efficiency of use of other nutrients by plants
(N)
 Sources of Nitrogen fertilizers for rice
Name Content Comments
Ammonium nitrate 33-34% N Non-acidifying, suitable for upland
rice
Ammonium chloride 28% N Non-acidifying

Ammonium sulfate 21% N, 24 % S Acidifying

Ammonium bicarbonate 17% N Non-acidifying, low quality N

Urea 46% N Non-acidifying

Monoammonium 11%, 22% Soluble, quick-acting, acidifying

phosphate (MAP)

Diammonium phosphate 18-21% N, 20% P Soluble, quick-acting, acidifying

(DAP)

Urea phosphate
 Sources of phosphate fertilizer for rice

Name Content Comments

Single Super-phosphate 7.9% P, 13-20% Ca, 12% S Soluble, neutral (16-21%
P2O5)
Triple super-phosphate 18-22% P, 9-14% Ca, 1.4% Soluble, neutral (41-50%
S P2O5)
Monoammonium phosphate Soluble, acidifying (51%
(MAP) 22% P, 11% N P2O5)
Diammonium phosphate Soluble, acidifying (46-53%
(DAP 20-23% P, 18-21% N P2O5)
Urea phosphate (UP)
20% P, 18% N Soluble (46% P2O5)
Partly acidulated rock
phosphate 10-11% P >1/3 water soluble (23-26%
Rock phosphate finely P2O5)
powdered 11-17% P, 33-36% Ca Very slow acting (23-39%
P2O5)
Sources of Potassium fertilizer for rice

Name Content Comments

Potassium chloride 50% K Muriate of potash (60%)

Potassium nitrate 37% K, 13% N In compound (44% K2O)

Potassium sulfate 40-43% K, 18% S In compounds (50%

K2O)
Langbeinite 18% K, 11% Mg, 22% S
Quick acting
Compound fertilizer Variable
Commonly used in rice