Objectives

 Define momentum
 Calculate the momentum of an
object
 Define impulse
 Calculate the impulse applied to
an object.
??????

VELOCITY : 27 m/s (60mph)

 Momentum:
 measures how hard it is to stop an
object.
 Inertia in motion
 Vector quantity who’s symbol is p
 Unit is kg m/s

p= mv
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
 Two trains, Big red and little blue, have
the same velocity. Big red however, has
twice the mass of little blue compare
their momenta.

Pbigred=2Plittleblue
 Sample problem
 The magnitude of the momentum of an
object is 64 kg m/s. If the velocity of the
object is doubled, the magnitude of the
momentum of the object will be
 (1) 32 kg m/s
 (2)64 kg m/s P= 64 kg .m/s
 (3) 128 kg m/s
 (4) 256 kg m/s
P= m v
2p=m(2v)
 Sample problem
 An Aichi D30 bomber mass(3600 kg)
departs from it’s aircraft with a velocity of
85 m/s due east. What is it’s
momentum?
p= mv= (3600 kg)(85m/s)
=3.06 times 10 to the fifth kg
m/s east
 But
 After it drops it’s payload it’s new mass
is 3000 kg it attains a cruising speed of
120 m/s. What is it’s new momentum?

p= mv= (3000 kg)(120 m/s)

= 3.60 times 10 to the fifth kg m/s
 Impulse (J)
 It is the change of momentum
 The quantity force x time interval
 The greater the impulse exerted
on something, the greater will be
the change in momentum of that
something.
J= p = Pf-Pi
= P-Po
 Continuation

 The D3A bomber which had a

momentum of 3.06 x 10 to the fifth kg
m/s, comes to a halt on the ground.
What impulse is applied?
J= p= Pf-Pi= 0-3.6 x10 to the
fifth kg m/s east
= 3.6x 10 to the fifth kg
m/s negative.
= 3.6x 10 to the fifth kg m/s west.
 Last sample problem
 A 6 kg block, sliding to the east
across a horizontal, frictionless
surface with a momentum of 30
kg m/s strikes an obstacle. The
obstacle exerts an impulse of 10
kg m/s to the west on the block.
Find the speed of the block after
the collision.


J = p = mv= m v=m(v-vo)= mv - mvo

v = j + mvo/ m = (-10 kg m/s) + 30 kg
m/s over ( divided by) 6 kg= 3.3 m/s
 LAW OF
CONSERVATION
OF MOMENTUM
 Objectives
 Explain the law of conservation of
momentum
 Use conservation of momentum to solve
a variety of problems
 Explain the difference between an
elastic and inelastic collision
 Conservation of momentum
 Momentum is conserved in an isolated system.
 Total momentum of a system is constant
 Useful for analyzing collisions and explosions.
 A collision is an event in which two or
more objects approach and interact strongly for
a brief period of time.
 An explosion result when an object is
broken up into two or more fragments.

P initial = P final
 Momentum tables
1) Identify all objects in the system. List them
vertically down the left-hand column.
2) Determine the momenta of the objects before
the event. Use variables for any unknowns.
3) Determine the momenta of the objects after
the event. Use variables for any unknowns.
4) Add up all the momenta from before the event
and the set them equal to the momenta after
the event.
5) Solve your resulting equation for any
unknowns.
 Sample Problem
A 2000- kg car travelling at 20
m/s collides with a 1000- kg car
at rest at a stop sign. If the
2000- kg car has a velocity of
6.67 m/s after the collision, find
the velocity of the 1000- kg car
after the collision.
Objects Pb ( kg m/s) Pa ( kg m/s)
Car A 20000 x 20 = 40, 000 20000 x 6.67 = 13, 340
Car B 0 1000 x VB = 1000 VB
Total 40, 000 13, 340 + 1000VB
- 13, 340 - 13, 340
= 26, 600 =1000VB
VB= 26.7 m/s 1000 1000
 Sample Problem 2

OBJECTS Pb ( Kg m/s) Pa (kg m/s ) 1100Vcar = 20, 000

Car

Van
1100 x Vcar = 1100 Vcar

2500 x – 8 = - 20, 000

0 VcAr = 20,000
1100
TOTAL 1100VcAr – 20, 000 0 = 18.2 m/s
1100Vcar – 20,000 = 0
+ 20, 000 + 20, 000
 Sample Problem
 A 4- kilogram rifle fires a 20- gram shell
with a velocity of 300 m/s. Find the
recoil velocity of the rifle.
OBJECTS Pb( kg m/s) Pa (kg ms )
Rifle
Shell 0 4 x Vrecoil
(.020)(300) = 6
TOTAL 0 6 + 4 Vrecoil
0 = 6 + 4 Vrecoil
-6 -6
-6 = 4 Vrecoil

Vrecoil = -6 = -1.5 m/s

4
 Types of collisions
 Elastic collision ( bouncy collision)
 Kinetic energy is conserved

Inelastic collision
 Sticky collision
 Objects colliding stick
together
Prepared by

Kristel Joy Macni

Jayzel Laika Doctolero
Nathaniel Molina

PHYSICS