TENSES

NAME : HASYPA AULIA

CLASS: SI-1
NIM:0702201025
 DEFENITION TENSES
Tense is the form of words work in English to show
time of time making activities, activities, activities
or events of the events, good it that going to this this
(now), future, or past.
 TENSES
● PRESENT
● PAST
● FUTURE
● PAST FUTURE
● SIMPLE
● CONTINUOUS
● PERFECT
● PERFECT CONTINUOUS
 PRESENT
PRESENT CONTINUOS TENSE
Almost the same as before, the present continuos tense is also used to show a scene when the conversation takes place.
For example, if you are talking with a friend and then an accident suddenly occurs in front of your eyes, then this tense
is used to describe it.
However, the present continuos tense can also be used to express a plan for the future. Like when you want to do
something, then you can use it to express that desire. The tense formula is
Subject + is / am / are + (Verb + ing)
Example Sentence Present Continous Tense:
• (+) Look! Ridwan is talking with his teacher about the good idea for our class
• My friend is driving a bicycle to Bundaran HI right now
• (?) Are you teaching Indonesian language to the tourist?
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Present perfect tense serves to show a result. In other words, this tense is used as a description of events that
have already started in the past. Then stated again or even is still ongoing today. This arrangement is also
frequently used.
The reason is, someone certainly has made plans to carry out an event or activity and then tells the results to
friends or other people. The telling of the story can be arranged using the formula for the present perfect
tense, namely
S + has / have + Verb 3
Examples of Present Perfect Tense Sentences:
• You have read this novel
• Anita has lived in Jakarta for 10 years
• Today, I have already finished my TOEFL test
• Has she finished her assignment?
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOS TENSE

Almost the same as before, the present perfect continuos tense is also used to express events that have started in the past. Then the result is
stated again or it is still ongoing today. It can also be limited to describing past activities.

Events in the present perfect continuos tense usually have a certain time span and are still relevant to the current situation. In order for the
sentence to be a clear and straightforward statement it is necessary to use a formula

(+) S + has / have + been + Verb –ing

(-) S + has / have + not + been + Verb –ing

(?) has / have + s + been + Verb –ing

Example Sentence Present Perfect Continous Tense:

• (+) I have been studying in this college since 2011

• (-) Renata has not been teaching for the last 3 days because sick

• (?) Have you been reading this book?

PAST CONTINUOS TENSE
PAST
Usually in the past, someone often commented on other events. In this case, the past continuos tense serves to describe the
event that is being commented on. The sentence structure is independent or limited by duration.
Therefore, even though the incident has been going on for so long, the past continuos tense can still be used. As long as it
meets the applicable rules such as using the formula well, that is
subject + was / were + Verb –ing
Examples of Past Continous Tense Sentences:
• Anya and Rana were playing basketball yesterday at field near home
• My Father was reading a book when I entered in bedroom
• She was sleeping when the bicyle crashed her home last night
• Tasya was eating seafood with her sister yesterday . Past Continuous
 PAST PERFECT TENSE
PAST PERFECT TENSE
Past perfect tense ini bisa dikatakan sebagai kejadian lebih dari masa lampau. Pasalnya, tensis
tersebut berfungsi untuk menjabarkan suatu peristiwa yang terjadi sebelum adanya aktivitas lain
dan keduanya berada pada zaman dulu. Kondisi tersebut dinyatakan sudah selesai lalu disusul
oleh aksi lainnya.
Akan tetapi, past perfect tense lebih terfokus pada fakta sehingga jarang sekali ada dongeng yang
menggunakan susunan kalimat ini. Adapun rumusnya adalah
subjek + had + Verb 3
Biasanya digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian dan diiringi oleh peristiwa lain.
Contoh Kalimat Past Perfect Tense:
When Sasha came last morning, the drink had run out
The storm had stopped when I left to sleep
My sister had finished her homework yesterday, so we can shopping today
Clara had died before the doctor came
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOS TENSE

Hampir sama dengan tensis sebelumnya, past perfect continuos tense ini juga menceritakan mengenai kejadian di masa lampau
dan sudah selesai pada saat itu. Akan tetapi, dalam penggunaannya lebih menekankan kepada durasi sehingga biasanya disertai
oleh kata penunjuk waktu tertentu.
Hal tersebut tentu berbeda dengan past perfect tense yang tidak terfokus atau terikat oleh durasi dari suatu kejadian. Untuk bisa
membuat susunan kalimat sempurna, Anda harus menyertakan
(+) subjek + had + been + Verb –ing
(-) subjek + had + not + been + Verb –ing
(?) had+ subjek + been + Verb –ing
Contoh Kalimat Past Perfect Continous Tense:
(+) I had been waiting for 2 hour when the guest came to my home
(-) My sister had not been sleeping in the bedroom
(?) Had Lara been studying English for 30 minutes yesterday?
 FUTURE

FUTURE CONTINUOS TENSE

Hampir sama dengan tata cara penyusunan kalimat sebelumnya, akan tetapi pada future continuos tense ini
terdapat penambahan peristiwa. Di mana fungsinya adalah untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian atau kondisi
yang pasti akan terjadi dalam waktu dekat dan keduanya sama-sama terjadi pada masa depan.
Tata cara penyusunan kalimat bahasa Inggris yang diikuti oleh kata continuos selalu disertai oleh peristiwa lain
pada saat itu. Sehingga pernyataan tersebut bisa berupa perencanaan atau asumsi. Adapun susunannya
adalah dengan melibatkan
(+) subjek + will + be + V –ing
(-) subjek + will + not + be + V –ing
(?) will + subjek + be + V –ing
 
Contoh Kalimat Future Continous Tense:
(+) My mother will be cooking at the kitchen when I arrive
(-) The office boy wil lnot be cleaning this room soon
(?) Will my grandfather having a new neighbor next week?
FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

Fungsi dari future perfect tense adalah untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang sudah selesai pada masa mendatang. Dengan
kata lain, peristiwa tersebut dinyatakan telah usai, tetapi kejadiannya baru akan terjadi beberapa saat setelah percakapan
berlangsung.
Penggunaan kalimat dengan menggunakan future perfect tense digunakan untuk membuat penyataan berupa fakta dalam
bentuk rencana dan dipastikan akan terjadi pada masa mendatang. Rumusnya adalah
(+) subjek + will + have + Verb 3 (past participle)
(-) subjek + will + not + have + Verb 3 (past participle)
(?) will + subjek + have + Verb 3 (past participle)
Contoh Kalimat Future Perfect Tense:
• (+) The party will have finished by 11 p.m. tonight
• (-) Martha will not have finished her homework by the time Rudi gets home
• (?) Will you have graduated from the college next year?
 FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
The function of the future perfect tense is to express an event that has been completed in the future. In other words, the event is
declared to be over, but it will only happen some time after the conversation has taken place.

The use of sentences using the future perfect tense is used to make statements in the form of facts in the form of a plan and is
certain to happen in the future. The formula is

(+) subject + will + have + Verb 3 (past participle)

(-) subject + will + not + have + Verb 3 (past participle)

(?) will + subject + have + Verb 3 (past participle)

Examples of Future Perfect Tense Sentences:

• (+) The party will have finished by 11 p.m. tonight

• (-) Martha will not have finished her homework by the time Rudi gets home

• (?) Will you have graduated from the college next year?
FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOS TENSE

Almost the same as the previous tense, the future perfect continuos tense serves as a statement to show a
future event that takes place within a certain range. In use, this type of wording is followed by a
description of duration or time.
This series of events will occur in the future so that it can be said as an assumption. The formula for the
future perfect continuos tense is
subject + will + have + been + Verb –ing
Examples of Sentences from Future Perfect Continous Tense:
• I will have been working at a new company this new year
• Siska and Nanda will have been visiting their parent's house by the end of this month
• He will have been talking with his doctor for the next hour
PAST FUTURE
PAST FUTURE CONTINUOS TENSE

Still related to the future, past future continuos tense is used to express an imaginary condition or action in progress. In its use, this
one tense is always followed by a certain duration or time description.
In addition, the past future continuation tense also shows that an event will occur if there are other activities that are not carried out.
The sentence structure uses a formula
subject + would + be + present pasticiple
Example Sentences Past Future Continous Tense:
• Kirana would be attending the course of she was in Jakarta
• The office girl would be cleaning the room after breakfast
PAST FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

Past future perfect tense is a tense with a function to express an event in the past. Has 3 conditions
with reference to future times, certain times in the past, and also the completion of an action before
the next condition comes.
Usually the use of the past future perfect tense is applied to indirect sentences. The formula for
composing it is
subject + would or should + have + Verb 3
Examples of Past Future Tense Sentences:
• Angela told the students that they should have finished the course this afternoon
• She should be studying English the day before exam
PAST FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOS TENSE
Finally, the tense that you must learn to be proficient in good and correct English is
the past future perfect continuos tense. Serves to express an imaginary activity or
planning in the past, but it is also happening at that time.
Even though it is somewhat difficult, the use of the past future perfect continuos
tense is quite easy by following the formula, which is
subject + would or should + have + been + present participle
Examples of Sentences Past Future Perfect Continous Tense:
• She heard that you should have been reading that book for 10 minutes
• By last week, my father should have been working 4 days
 simple
Simple present tenses are often used in several sentences in English. This is because its function is so general, such as to state a fact or daily habit.
Apart from that, you can also use it as a statement about an ongoing event.

Sentences that are composed using the simple present tense are often spoken in everyday life because they involve this function. The formula for this
tense is

(+) Subject + Verb 1

Its use can be applied to a variety of sentences, whether positive, negative or interrogative.

Examples of Simple Present Tense Sentences:

• My mom is very beautiful

• Ranu does not work hard to get the scholarship

• Do you believe in conspriracy theories?

• I drink a water everyday to maintain my body fluids

SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Unlike the first point, the simple past tense is used to express an event or condition in the past. Composition of sentences using
this tense is commonly found in fairy tales or legends, because its function itself is to describe past events.

Arranging a sentence with a pattern like this is not complicated, you only need to combine the subject with the verb 2. If the
two components are listed, then the statement can be classified into the simple past tense.

Subject + Verb (V2) or irregular verb

Examples of Simple Past Tense Sentences:

• My sister always met her boyfriend last week

• Doni says that the school party started at 9 p.m.

• I sent a letter to my mom yesterday

• I ate noodles in the canteen

. SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
As the name implies, the simple future tense is used to describe an activity that will be carried out in
the future. You could say, as a plan in the present. The plan can be spontaneous or just an assumption
from someone.
However, these assumptions are still related to future events. The sentence arrangement is very simple,
the simple future tense only requires a component such as
subject ¬ + will + Verb 1 or S + be (is / am / are) + going to + Verb 1
Examples of Simple Future Tense Sentences:
• She will join with us after checking in at the hotel
• Nanda is going to be a doctor after she graduated 2 years later
• I am going to meet my father tomorrow with mother
• Siska and Andri will go to the school after breakfast today
. . SIMPLE PAST FUTURE TENSE

Simple past future tense has a close relationship between the past and events in
the future. The sentence structure is used to adjust for changes in the form of
predictions, assumptions, and also making appointments during a conversation.
In short, various plans were made in the past to be used as an adjustment to the
future. The formula for the simple past perfect tense is
subject + would + Verb 1
Examples of Simple Past Future Tense Sentences:
• My father promised he would give me a box of pizza with beef topping
• Ananta said that he would leave the town in six days
• I would forgive you, so do not repeat this mistake again
• Nara should study English the day before exam
 Present Continuous Tense
Aktif :
(+) S + to be (am, are, is) + V1-ing + O
(-) S + to be (am, are, is) + not + V1-ing + O
(?) to be (am, are, is) + s + V1-ing + O
Pasif :
(+) S + to be (am, are, is) + being + V3 + by + O
(-) S + to be (am, are, is) + not + being + V3 + by + O
(?) to be (am, are, is) + s + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students is speaking English
Pasif : English is being spoken by students
 Present Perfect Tense
Aktif :
(+) S + have/has + V3 + O
(-) S + have/has + not + V3 + O
(?) have/has + S + V3 + O
Pasif :
(+) S + have/has + been + V3 + by + O
(-) S + have/has + not + been + V3 + by + O
(?) have/has + s + been + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students have spoken English
Pasif : English has been spoken by students
 
. Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Aktif :
(+) S + have/has + been + V1-ing + O
(-) S + have/has + not + been + V1-ing + O
(?) have/has + S + been + V1-ing + O
 
Pasif :
(+) S + have/has + been + being + V3 + by + O
(-) S + have/has + not + been + being + V3 + by + O
(?) have/has + S + been + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students have been speaking English
Pasif : English has been being spoken by students
 
 . Past Continuous Tense
Aktif :
(+) S + to be (was, were) + V1-ing + O
(-) S + to be (was, were) + not + V1-ing + O
(?) to be (was, were) + S +V1-ing + O
Pasif :
(+) S + to be (was, were) + being + V3 + by + O
(-) S + to be (was, were) + not + being + V3 + by + O
(?) to be (was, were) + S + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif :
(+) Students were speaking English
(-) Students were speaking English
Pasif : English was being spoken by students
 
7. Past Perfect Tense
Aktif : S + had not + V3 + O
Pasif : S + had + been + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students had spoken English
Pasif : English had been spoken by students
 
8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + had + been + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + had + been + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh:
Aktif : Students had been speaking English
Pasif : English had been being spoken by students
. Future Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + will + be + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + will + be + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students will be speaking English
Pasif : English will be being spoken by students
 
. Future Perfect Tense
Aktif : S + will + have + V3 + O
Pasif : S + will + have + been + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students will have spoken English
Pasif : English will have been spoken by students
 
Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + will + have + been + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + will + have + been + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students will have been speaking English
Pasif : English will have been being spoken by students
 
. Future Past Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + would + be + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + would + be + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students would be speaking English
Pasif : English would be being spoken by students
 
15. Future Past Perfect Tense
Aktif : S + would + have + V3 + O
Pasif : S + would + have + been + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
A
ktif : Students would have spoken English
Pasif : English would have been spoken by students
 
16. Future Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + would + have + been + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + would + have + been +being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students would have been speaking English
Pasif : English would have been being spoken by students

 
. Simple Present Tense
Aktif :
(+) S + do/does + V1
(-) S + do/does + not +V1
(?) do/does + S + V1
 
Pasif :
(+) S + to be (am, are, is) + V3 + by + O
(-) S + to be (am, are, is) + not + V3 + by + O
(?) to be (am, are, is) + S + V3 + by + O
Contoh:
Aktif : Students speak English
Pasif : English is spoken by students
Simple Past Tense
Aktif :
(+) S + V2 + O
(-) S + V2 + not + O
(?) V2 + S + O
Pasif :
(+) S + to be (was, were) + V3 + by + O
(-) S + to be (was, were) + not + V3 + by + O
(-) to be (was, were) + S +V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students spoke English
Pasif : English was spoken by students
Simple Future Tense
Aktif : S + will not + V1 + O
Pasif : S + will be + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students will speak English
Pasif : English will be spoken by students
 

 
Phil often goes to library.
Sometimes
Sometimes
Dody sometimes brings some snacks.
Rarely
Rarely
Tim rarely comes late.
Seldom
Rarely
Jin seldom hangs out with his friends.
Occasionally
Every now and then
Wati occationaly buys me snack.
Hardly ever
Almost never
I hardly ever go to cinema.
Never
Never
Dedy never travels abroad.

The positions of the adverbs of frequency are as follows:

1. In simple sentences, the adverb of frequency is placed between the subject and the verb. See the examples of Kaliamat above.
2. In a sentence with the verb be, the position after be. Example: He is always late.
3. In sentences with auxiliary work (eg be, do, does, must, will, etc.)) and the main verb, the position is between them. Example: He doesn't always come on
time.
4. Often, usually, sometimes, and occasionally can be placed at the beginning of a sentence. Example: Sometimes, I go to school by bus.
In addition, there are also adverbs of frequency in other forms, namely every day, once a week, twice a week, three times a week, four times a week, and others.
The position of these adverbs is at the end of the sentence.
Example:
- I clean my house twice a month. Bob cleans his house once a week. That's lazy. J
- My sisters read books every day. They're very diligent.
- Sinta washes her clothes once a week. She usually uses a washing machine.
CREDITS:
- We study English twice a week. He studies English threeThis
times apresentation
month. template was created by Slidesgo, including
icons by Flaticon, and infographics & images by Freepik
- My grandma runs marathon five times a week. I never go.
 
Thanks 