AUXILIARY PLANE PROJECTION METHOD

AUXILIARY PLANES
Sometimes, different edges and faces of an object may not be
parallel to either HP or VP. In such cases, the front and top views
do not show its true sizes of such edges of faces. To show such
edges and faces in their true sizes, it is necessary to introduce
additional planes of projection parallel to these edges and faces.
These additional planes of projection are known as AUXILIARY
PLANES

PROFILE PLANES
are auxiliary planes which are always perpendicular to both HP and
VP and are used to project the Left and Right side views.
AUXILIARY PLANES are parallel to the edge or face to be shown in
true size and also perpendicular to either HP/VP
AUXILIARY VIEWS are additional views which are obtained by
projecting the object on Auxiliary planes, which are inclined to one
of the principal planes and perpendicular to the other
 TYPES OF AUXILIARY PLANES

Auxiliary vertical plane (A.V.P)

If the auxiliary plane selected is perpendicular to the HP and
inclined to the VP, the view of the object projected on auxiliary
plane is called Auxiliary front view and the auxiliary plane is
called auxiliary inclined plane

Auxiliary inclined plane (A.I.P)

If the auxiliary plane selected is perpendicular to the VP and
inclined to the HP, the view of the object projected on Auxiliary
plane is called as the Auxiliary top view and the auxiliary plane is
called auxiliary inclined plane
 PROJECTION OF LINES ON AUXILIARY PLANES

Change of position method

Line inclined to one or both the reference planes is initially
assumed to be in simple position parallel to both the HP and VP.
Projections are then drawn by changing the position of the line
from the simple position to the required position.

Change of reference line method

Instead of changing the position of the projection, change of the
position of the plane is also done. In other words, a new
reference line to represent an auxiliary plane is drawn parallel to
the projection. The auxiliary projection on the new reference line
shows the true length and true inclination of the line
 Line inclined to HP and parallel to VP
A line AB of 60 mm length has its end A 20 mm above HP and 25 mm
in front of VP. The line is inclined at an angle of 45 to HP and
parallel to VP. Draw its projections by auxiliary plane method.
 Line inclined to VP and parallel to HP
A line AB of 60 mm length has its end A 20 mm above HP and 25 mm
in front of VP. The line is inclined at an angle of 60 to VP and
parallel to HP. Draw its projections by auxiliary plane method.
 Line inclined to both HP and VP
A line PQ of 48 mm long is inclined at an angle of 30 to HP. Its top
view makes an angle of 60 with XY. End P is 20 mm above HP and 15
mm in front of VP. Draw the projections of the line by auxiliary plane
method.
 TRUE LENGTH AND TRUE INCLINATION
The end A of a line AB is 100 mm above HP and 150 mm in front of VP. The end B is 225 mm
above HP and 275 mm in front of VP. The distance between the end projectors is 300 mm.
Draw the projections of the line. Find its true length and true inclinations by auxiliary plane
method.
 Plane surface perpendicular to VP and inclined to HP
Change of position method
A square plate of 35 mm side has its plane perpendicular to the VP and
inclined at an angle of 50 to the HP. Draw the projections of the plate
by the auxiliary plane method
(b1’)
(a’) (b’) c1’
d’ c’ (a1’)
d1’

VP 
X HP Y

a b a1 b1

d1 c1
d c
 Plane surface perpendicular to VP and inclined to HP
Change of reference line method
A square plate of 35 mm side has its plane perpendicular to the VP and
inclined at an angle of 50 to the HP. Draw the projections of the plate
by the auxiliary plane method
 Plane surface perpendicular to HP and inclined to VP
Change of position method
A square plate of 35 mm side has its plane perpendicular to the HP and inclined at
an angle of 50 to the VP. Draw the projections of the plate by the auxiliary plane
method
a b a1 b1

d1 c1
d c
VP
X HP 
(b1’)
Y
c1’
(a1’)
(b’) d1’
(a’)
d’ c’
 Plane surface perpendicular to HP and inclined to VP
Change of reference line method
A square plate of 35 mm side has its plane perpendicular to the HP and inclined at
an angle of 50 to the VP. Draw the projections of the plate by the auxiliary plane
method
a b a1

b1
d1

c
d c1
VP
X HP  Y

(a’) (b’)
AVP
d’ c’
HP
 Plane surface inclined to both HP and VP
Change of reference line method
A thin rectangular lamina EFGH of 60 mm length and 36 mm width is inclined at an angle of
45 to VP. Its longer edge is making an angle of 30 with HP. Draw the projections by auxiliary
plane method
A thin circular plate of 50 mm diameters lies on HP such that its surface is inclined at
45 to HP. The diameter through the point on which the plate lies on HP appears to
be inclined at 45 to VP in the top view.
A thin circular plate of 50 mm diameters lies on HP such that its surface is inclined at
45 to HP. The diameter through the point on which the plate lies on HP appears to
be inclined at 45 to VP in the top view.
A hexagonal lamina of 24 mm side has its surface inclined at 30 to HP. Its one side
is parallel to HP and inclined at 45 to VP. Draw its projections by (i) change of
position (ii) change of reference plane methods
A hexagonal lamina of 24 mm side has its surface inclined at 30 to HP. Its one side
is parallel to HP and inclined at 45 to VP. Draw its projections by (i) change of
position (ii) change of reference plane methods