IDEA AND

PHANTASM
The Meaning of Idea
• – derived from the Greek word eidos meaning image. It is
defined as the representation of the essence of a thing in the
mind. It is a mental image or picture of an object in the mind
which may be the result of comparison, reflection or
abstraction and may be defined by meaningful terms.
Phantasm
– is a sensible image existing in the imagination, which is
one of the internal senses. It is the sensible representation of
the material features of a thing, usually a kind of pictorial
image, bearing a shape or figure.
•Examples:
• The boy thought he saw a ghost, when it was simply a phantasm he
perpetuated out of fear.  
• The anxiety-ridden partygoer believed the phantasm that no one wanted to
speak with her.  
• He thought he saw his ex-girlfriend walking down the street, but it turned out
to be a phantasm he created.  
• The water vapor appeared to take on the shape of a face, but it just a
phantasm.  
• I thought I saw a figure in the dark room, but when I turned on the light, I
realized it was a phantasm.  
Idea Phantasm
Found in the Intellect Found in the imagination
Universal Individual
Constant Changeable
Possible of complex and Not possible of complex and
immaterial things immaterial things
Logical Properties of an Idea
1. Comprehension (Generic Idea)
- refers to the totality of the essential notes, qualities,
characteristics or attributes which the idea implies.
Ex. Musician – a person who plays a musical instrument or
is musically gifted.
2. Extension (Specific Idea)
- set of things to which the idea represents or to which idea
extends its application
Ex. Musician – Beethoven, Mozart
The Meaning of Term
term
• Is the verbal manifestation of the ideas. It is defined as a
conventional sign that is expressive of an idea. Let’
analyze the definition of a term
It is a sign
• A sign is something that leads to the knowledge of
something else. To be considered a sign, there must be a
familiar connection between it and the reality it chooses.
For example:
It is a conventional sign
• A term is a conventional sign if the connection is set by
people and it is a result of a common agreement among
men. Example:
It is expressive of an idea
• Since idea is a mental image, it is made concrete through
the use of a term. Thanks to terms because through them,
we are able to articulate out thoughts.
Connotation and Denotation
• The logical properties of terms
Connotation
• Refers to the group of characteristics essential to a term. It
is also known as intention, signification or comprehension.
For example, the connotation of the term musician is “a
person who plays a musical instrument or is musically
gifted.”
Denotation
• Is a set of things to which the term refers also known as
extension. The denotation of the term musician would be
Beethoven, Mozart, Bach, Cayabyab, Manicad, Valera, etc.
• The connotation and denotation of a term are inversely
proportional. As the connotation increases, the number of
subjects referred to are reduced.
• Term: Musician
• Connotation: person who plays a musical instrument or is
musically gifted who is born in the Philippines
• Denotation: from Beethoven, Mozart, Bach, Cayabyab,
Manicad, Valera, etc. it will only become Cayabyab,
Manicad, Valera
activity
• There are several terms that possess multiple ideas. For
example, the Term “Apple” may pertain to that “red fruit
that tastes sweet” or could also refer to a “brand of
smartphone” Identify the single term that will fit in the 2
sentences.
I will make a _____________ in my diary.
The last __________ of the symphony was so high.
Clue: N
The walk was so tiring so let’s sit in the ___________
The ________ of blue is elegant on her.
Clue: S
There’s a significant increase in the foreign ___________.
The hostage-takers will ____________ the hostage for
arms.
Clue: T
The ____________ are twinkling in the night.
Some movie __________ are multi-millionaires.
Clue: S
She cut the apple into ___________.
The house owner provides the maid with servant’s
__________.
Clue: Q
It has come to out ____________ that you’re missing
school.
The soldiers are standing at ____________.
Clue: A
The police will arrest drivers who will _____________ the
law.
After the test, I need a ____________ from mental activity.
Clue: B
She threw the stick into air and ___________ it again.
The house ___________ fire when the gas tank was left
open.
Clue: C
Her favorite fruit is a __________.
Joe took me out on a _________.
Clue: D
You were ____________.
Make a _____________ turn at the light.
Clue: R