Lecture 01

Computer Network
Mr. Upendra Verma
Asst. Prof. , MPSTME Shirpur Campus,
SVKM’S NMIMS University
Course Design
Prerequisite
• Operating System
• Computer Organization and Architecutre
Course Objective
This course provides the fundamental knowledge of computer networks
through the understanding of ISO-OSI model.
Course Outcomes
Syllabus
Syllabus contd…
Text Books/Reference Books
Introduction
• The concept of Network is not new. In simple terms it means an
interconnected set of some objects.
• Widely Accepted Definition of CN:
• An interconnected set of autonomous computers.
• The term autonomous implies that the computers can function independent of
others.
• Computers can exchange information with each other through the
communication network system.
• Computer networks have emerged as a result of the convergence of
two technologies of this century- Computer and Communication.
Network Technologies
• No universally accepted taxonomy for computer network.
• Classification Based on Transmission Technology:
• Computer networks can be broadly categorized into two types based on
transmission technologies:
• Broadcast networks
• Point to Point networks
• Broadcast networks:
• A single communication channel that is shared by all the machines on the
network.
Classification Based on
Transmission Technology
• Point to Point networks:
• End devices: Stations
• Switching devices: Nodes
• Some Nodes connect to other nodes and some to attached stations.
• There may exist multiple paths between a source-destination pair.
• Switching node:
• Provide movement of data from node to node until they reach the destination.
Question?

A B

Broadcast and Point to Point network?

Classification Based on Scale
• Alternative criteria for classifying networks are their scale.
• Local Area Network (LAN)
• Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN)
• Wide Area Network (WAN)
Assignment: Give the difference based on following parameters:
• What is it?
• Distance Coverage
• Speed of Operation
• Technologies used for medium
• Data transfer rates
• Bandwidth
• Ownership of network
• Design and Maintenance
• Security
• Applications
Communication In Network Centric World

• People used telephone for voice communication.

• Postal service delivered most of the written messages.
• Television broadcast one way video.
• People share information & resources.
• Earlier data network were limited to exchanging character based
information between computer system, but the current networks have
evolved to carry voice, video stream, text, and graphics between many
different type of devices
Popular communication tools

• Instant messaging (IM):

• It is a real time text communication between two or more users.
• Now it is expanded to include voice, photo, video sharing & file transfers.
• Blogs:
• Weblogs, are the web pages where people can publish their personal opinion & thoughts about any
topic.
• Pod casting:
• Audio based medium that enabled the people to record audio & convert it for use with iPods –
small portable devices for audio playback.
• Wikis:
• Web pages are created & edited by group of people sharing the information.
• Wikipedia, an online encyclopedia where thousands of people can contribute their specialized
knowledge & any one can access the information at no cost.
The Network As Platform
• Four Elements of network:
• Rules or agreements, Messages, Medium and Devices
• Rules or agreements:
• Rules or agreements (protocols) govern how the messages are sent ,directed. received &
interpreted.
• Messages:
• The message or units of information travel from one device to another.
• Medium:
• A medium is a means of interconnecting these devices that is a medium can transport the
messages from one device to another.
• Devices:
• Devices on the network exchange messages with each other
Source: https://www.ciscopress.com/articles/article.asp?p=2755711&seqNum=6