TOOLS FOR

CONDITIONING AND
MONITORING
PRESENTED BY : MUHAMMAD HAMZA
(2017-UET-GSPCT-MECH-33)
7TH SEMESTER (2017-2021)
CONDITION MONITORING

• Condition monitoring (CM) is a process of monitoring a parameter

of condition in machinery e.g. . Vibration , temperature etc.
• Condition monitoring is a process which is used to monitor the
condition of the machine which ultimately reduces the time required
to identify and rectify the fault which further increases the
efficiency of the machine.
CONT.....

• Condition monitoring provides us the real time information

about the condition of the machine which gives us the ability
to minimize or to eliminate the factors responsible for
occurrence of faults.
TYPES OF CONDITION MONITORING

• Vibration condition monitoring

• Lubricant analysis
• Acoustic emission
• Infrared thermography
• Ultrasound emission
1.VIBRATION CONDITION MONITORING

• Machine vibrations, also called chatter, correspond to the relative

movement between the work piece and the cutting tool. The vibrations
result in waves on the machine surface. This affects typical machining
processes, such as turning , milling , drilling, and grinding.
VIBRATION SENSOR

• Accelerometers are transducers for measuring the dynamic acceleration of

a physical device. The most common accelerometer measures acceleration
only along a single axis. This type is often used to measure mechanical
vibration levels.
• The second type is the triaxial accelerometer. This accelerometer is used
to determine the type of vibration or the direction of acceleration.
2. LUBRICANT ANALYSIS

• Oil analysis (OA) is the laboratory analysis of a lubricant's properties,

suspended contaminants, and wear debris. OA is performed during routine
preventive maintenance to provide meaningful and accurate information
on lubricant and machine condition. By tracking oil analysis sample results
over the life of a particular machine, trends can be established which can
help eliminate costly repairs.
CONT.….

OA can be divided into three categories:

• Analysis of oil properties including those of the base oil and its additives,
• Analysis of contaminants,
• Analysis of wear debris from machinery,
INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY

• Thermal images, are actually visual displays of the amount of infrared energy
emitted, transmitted, and reflected by an object.
• The image shows the viewer an approximation of the temperature at which the object
is operating, the camera is actually using multiple sources of data based on the areas
surrounding the object to determine that value rather than detecting the actual
temperature.
• This phenomenon may become clearer upon consideration of the formula Incident
Energy = Emitted Energy + Transmitted Energy + Reflected Energy
CONT….

• Incident Energy is the energy profile which viewed through a thermal

imaging camera.
• Emitted Energy is generally what is intended to be measured.
• Transmitted Energy is the energy that passes through the subject from a
remote thermal source.
• Reflected Energy is the amount of energy that reflects off the surface of
the object from a remote thermal source.
CONT….

• Thermal imaging camera to take the picture of the object and it will build
a picture in the viewer and record a visible picture.
• This functionality makes the thermal imaging camera an excellent tool
for the maintenance of electrical and mechanical systems in industry and
commerce.
• By using the proper camera settings and by being careful when capturing
the image, electrical systems can be scanned and problems can be found.
ACOUSTIC EMISSION

• Acoustic emission (AE) is the

phenomenon of radiation of acoustic
(elastic) waves in solids that occurs when
a material undergoes irreversible changes
in its internal structure,
• For example as a result of crack
formation or plastic deformation due to
aging, temperature gradients or external
mechanical forces.
CONT…

• Acoustic emission (AE) testing is a non-destructive testing (NDT)

technique that detects and monitors the release of ultrasonic stress waves
from localized sources when a material deforms under stress.
• IMM filter (interacting multiple model).
• Use the filter to predict the future location of an object, to reduce noise in
the detected location, or help associate multiple object detections with their
tracks.