Kinds of Substitution

• Sand Casting – a metal casting process

characterized by using sand as the mold
material.
• Plastic Casting – similar process to sand
casting but the material used is plaster.
• Lost-wax Casting – it involves pouring
molten metal into the mold that is made
of wax.
How does sculpture
contributes to the
development of the
society in any way?
LOCAL MATERIALS
FOR SCULPTURE
1. WOOD
- The type of wood used for the sculpture
usually depends on the availability of the
material
- A newly cut log is not ideal for sculpture, it still
has a mount of moisture.
Paete, Laguna Wood Carvings
• Molave, Acacia,
Langka, Ipil, Kamagong
(iron wood, locally
known as mabolo
tree), Palm Wood,
Bamboo
2. METAL
- The use of metal in creating
permanent art statements is
done through a substitution
in which the metal is melted
and poured into a mold
• In contemporary
sculpture,
assemblage is
often used to
form the final
figure of the
metal art using
techniques like
welding, bolting
and riveting
• STEEL is an alloy of iron and 1% carbon.
Stainless steel or inox steel does not rust
corrode or stain in water.
• BRONZE is a tin-copper alloy with any
other metal except zinc. It has the
characteristic of forming a patina (green
color) that protects the metal. Its color is
reddish brown.
• BRASS is a yellow alloy of copper and
zinc. Brass is not as hard as steel and
tends to crack when exposed to
ammonia.
Kinds of Metal
3. STONE
This is naturally hard, non-
metallic mineral. Rich
deposits of stone will provide
artists with a permanent
medium that will last for
many years.
• MARBLE is a hard,
crystalline,
metamorphic form of
limestone with color
that is capable of
being polished.

Kinds of Stone
• ALABASTER is a fine-grained,
translucent form of gypsum.
White and delicately shaded
translucent alabaster of 1-2
inch thickness allows light to
pass through.

Kinds of Stone
4. CLAY
- Adobe as
used in
sculpture is a
natural
mixture of
clay-rich
5. PLASTER OF
PARIS
- This is a white
substance that
is made by
adding water
to powdered
and partly
white mineral.
•Mold
•30 minutes
•Acrylic paint
6. CEMENT
- This is a
powdery
substance
made with
calcite lime
7. PLASTIC
- This is a synthetic
material made
from a wide
range of organic
polymers that can
be molded into
shape while soft
and then set into
8. GLASS
- This is a hard
brittle
substance that
is transparent
or translucent
• GLASS BLOWING has the
combination of melted materials to
form molten glass, and blown into
pipe before it cools. It will be placed
inside the annealing oven for the
molten glass to be stable.
• HOT SCULPTING is the technique in
which a solid metal rod gathers the
molten glass from the furnace and
shapes it with the use of a tool.
• COLD WORKING is working with
glass when it is cold. Special glues
9. ICE
- This
sculptures
are carved
from blocks
of ice
10. SAND
- This
involves
modeling
sand into
an art form
11. FOOD ART
- Fruits, vegetables,
chocolates, and cakes
are only some of the
materials food artist
use. In food
preparation, smell and
taste should not only
attract a person but also
12. INSTALLATION
ART
- This is a three-
dimensional art that
involves any
arrangement of
objects in an
exhibition space
-
This art operates fully within the sensory
perception, “installing” the viewer into an artificial
system with an appeal to the viewer’s subjective
perception.