Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Work
An
organization’s
culture, style,
and structure
influence how its
projects are
performed
⦿ Risk tolerance;
⦿ Code of conduct, work ethic, and work hours; and Operating environments.
Prepared by Presented by:
Engr. Mohamed Eid , Engr. Mohamed Abdulhaq ,
PMP® PMP®
⦿ Different types of organizational structures will have a positive or negative effect on the
effectiveness of project management in your organization.
There are
• Functional
• Projectized
• Disadvantages
The classic functional organization, shown in Figure 2-1, is a hierarchy where each employee has one clear superior. Staff members
are grouped by specialty, such as production, marketing, engineering, and accounting at the top level.
• not provide the project manager with the full authority over the
project and project funding
Disadvantages:
*Multiple bosses
*Adds complexity
*Additional policies and procedures are necessary
*Different priorities or objectives may exist
Disadvantages:
Examples:-
* Templates (e.g., risk register, work breakdown structure, project schedule network diagram,
and contract templates).
Exam Tip: * all of the above can be contained in the corporate knowledge base
* assets can include formal plans, informal plans, lessons learned,
historical information, completed schedules risk data and earned value data.
Examples:-
*Exam Tip: A work authorization system is designed to ensure that work is approved before it begins,
and to ensure the work is done at the right time and in the correct sequence. Use of a work
authorization system also helps to prevent scope creep as well as gold plating.
Project governance framework provides the project manager and team with structure, processes, decision-making
models and tools for managing the project, while supporting and controlling the project for successful delivery.
*Organizations use governance to establish strategic direction and performance parameters. The strategic direction
provides the purpose, expectations, goals, and actions necessary to guide business pursuit and is aligned with
business objectives.
(( Project management activities should be aligned with top-level business direction
and if there is a change, then project objectives need to be realigned ))
project based organizations (PBO's) .
The general characteristics of a PBO are outlined below:
1 Can exist in functional, matrix, or projectized organizations
2 Can diminish hierarchy and bureaucracy inside the organization because work is measured by result rather than by position or politics
3 PBO's can reference the entire company, a multi-firm consortium, or a network
*The project manager is responsible and accountable for setting realistic and achievable
boundaries
for the project and to accomplish the project within the approved baselines.
Include
• Dedicated: team is usually co-located and reports directly to the project manager
•Part-Time: the functional manager usually maintain control over the team members and the resources allocated
to the project. In this case, part-time team members may be assigned more than one project at a time
is also known as a plan driven or 'waterfall' approach to With an iterative or incremental lifecycle, project phases are
delivering the scope of the project. In this approach, the scope, intentionally repeated as the team's understanding of the product
time, and cost required to deliver that scope are determined increases.
as early in the project lifecycle
The product is developed through a series of repeated cycles
The adaptive lifecycle, also known as 'change driven' or 'agile' is designed to address high levels of
change, risk, and/or uncertainty in a project. Agile projects are also incremental and iterative, but with
the singular difference that the iterations are generally very short term; usually 2 to 4 weeks.
One of the most effective agile methods currently used in the project
management space is known as Scrum.