Lesson 20

Costache Reli-Cătălina
Present Perfect Simple
• The present perfect simple expresses an action that is still
going on or that stopped recently, but has an influence on
the present. It puts emphasis on the result.

• Signal Words of Present Perfect

already, ever, just, never, yet, so far, till now, up to now
How to form the present perfect

• The present perfect is formed from the present tense of the

verb have and the past participle of a verb.
• To make the positive present perfect tense, use:'have' / 'has' +
the past participle
Make the past participle by adding 'ed' to regular verbs (for example,
'play' becomes 'played')
There are a few verbs that change their spelling when you add 'ed' (for
example, 'study' becomes 'studied')
Positive Positive Short Form

I have played I've played

you have worked you've worked

he has written he's written

she has walked she's walked

it has rained it's rained

we have travelled we've travelled

they have studied they've studied
• For negative put NOT after have/has

Negative Negative Short Form

I have not eaten breakfast I haven't eaten
you have not been to Asia you haven't been
he has not seen the new film he hasn't seen
she has not played tennis she hasn't played
it has not snowed this winter it hasn't snowed
we have not slept all night we haven't slept
they have not tried the food they haven't tried
• For interrogative put HAVE or HAS in front of the subject.
Have I missed the bus?

Have you visited London?

Has he worked as a waiter before?

Has she met John?

Has it been cold this week?

Have we arrived too early?

Have they studied English grammar before?

AFF: S + HAVE/ HAS + V3 ( form )
E.g. I have done my homework.
NEG: S + HAVE/HAS + NOT + V3
(form )
E.g. I have not done my homework.
INT: HAVE/HAS + S + V3 ( form )
E.g. Have I done my homework?
Use of Present Perfect
• puts emphasis on the result
Example: She has written five letters.
• action that is still going on
Example: School has not started yet.
• action that stopped recently
Example: She has cooked dinner.
• finished action that has an influence on the present
Example: I have lost my key.
• action that has taken place once, never or several times before
the moment of speaking
Example: I have never been to Australia.
FOR/ SINCE/ HOW LONG
• For and since are commonly used with the present
perfect tense.
• For
• We use for to talk about a period of time.
• E.g. "I haven't smoked for weeks."
• Since
• We use since to talk about a specific point in time, or a
time when the action started.
• E.g. "I haven't smoked since 2010."
 Exercises
1.The students  a flight to Vienna. (to book)
2.The cat  a mouse. (just/to catch)
3.Jack and Brian  this picture. (just/to draw)
4.He  his friends. (already/to invite)
5.Julia  a table with three columns. (just/to make)
6.My friends  the geography test. (to pass)
7.I  the rabbits. (just/to feed)
8.The baby hedgehogs  the water. You need to get more. (already/to drink)
9.The teacher  the keys, so he can't open the door. (to lose)
10.We  the worksheets. (already/to download)
Fill in the gaps with the right forms of the verbs in brackets to complete the
following English sentences in Present Perfect Tense.

1. They  London this month. (leave)

2. He  a lot of English papers. (bring)
3. She  me about it. (tell)
4. I  a long letter from father this week. (get)
5. She (just) ; she will speak to you in a minute. (come)
6. I  to Radio City. (be)
7. I think the director  the town. (leave)
8. I  my office. (paint)
9. We  her since she arrived to our city. (know)
10. I  your name. (forget)
11. He  the door. (close)
12. He  it since we left him. (do)
13. I  him my last penny. (give)
• 14. This order  to many misunderstandings. (lead)
15. He  his name on my book. (write)
16. She  a new umbrella. (buy)
17. He  my exercise over and over. (look)
18. I  those books very cheaply. (buy)
19. He  for two months. (work)
20. She  a new job. (find)
21. He  very well. (speak)
22. The children  the whole pudding. (eat)
23. You  many detective stories. (read)
24. Our team  the first prize. (win)
25. My little daughter  her finger with a knife. (cut)
SPEAKING