QUANTITATIVE REASONING

20 BASIC FORMULAS

Preparation of USAT & other Competitive Exams

1 : MEAN

  Formula . Sum of All Numbers Divided By Total Number of Observation..

  
Example. 7,9,11,6,13,6,6,3,11
1. Add up all the numbers 7+9+11+6+13+6+6+3+11=72
2. Divide the answer by number of observations/terms 729=8
3. So the mean value is 8
2.MODE
Mode is the value that appears the most.

 Example. 7,9,11,6,13,6,6,3,11

1. Put the numbers in order.3,6,6,6,7,9,11,11,13.

2. Look for the number that appears the most.
3. You can see that 6 appear more than any other number.
4. So 6 is the mode value.
3.MEDIAN.
Median is the middle value of the observations / (n/2)th term.
 Put the numbers in order 3,6,6,6,7,9,11,11,13,14.
 Divide the total observations by 2 we get 10/2=5
 So the fifth number is the median value which is 7.
4.Probability.
  Formula. P(A)=

  
Example. What is probability of getting a sum 9 from two thrown of dice.
 There are 36 total favourable outcomes of 2 dices.
 Let E=event of getting a sum 9 =

P(A)==
=
5.Permutation
A permutation is a mathematical technique that determines the number of possible arrangements in a set.

• Formula. P(n,r) = n! / (n-r)! Where n = total items in the set; r = items taken for the permutation; "!" denotes
factorial

• Example. How many Permutation of letter of a word APPLE are there?

• In Given example n=5 , r=3
• P(5,3) = 5! / (5-3)! = 120/2 = 60
6. Combination.
A Combination is a selection of all or part of a set of objects, without regard to the order which objects
are selected

Formula.
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