Autonomic nervous

system
 Body control system

 All body functions are

regulated by two major system:
A. Nervous system.

B. Endocrine system (hormones)

Nervous system
Peripheral neurons of the SNS & ANS
 Differences between SNS and ANS
Autonomic nervous system Somatic nervous system

• control smooth and cardiac • Control the skeletal muscle

muscle
• Control voluntary function
• Control involuntary
function • One neuron connect the
CNS with the target organ.
• Two neurons connect the
CNS with target organ.
Division of the ANS
Fight or flight
(stress)
Rest & digest
Parasympathetic
 Differences between sympathetic
.and parasympathetic
difference sympathetic parasympathetic
effects Generalized Localized
neurotransmitter Preganglionic (Acetylcholine) Preganglionic
postganglionic (norepinephrine ) (Acetylcholine)
postganglionic
(acetylcholine)

Stimulus Stress condition Normal resting condition

Preganglionic Short Long
neuron short
Postganglionic Long
neuron
Metabolism Catabolic that release high Anabolic that store
amount energy energy
Origin (output) thoracolumbar craniosacral
Generalize

Figure 15.4a
Figure 15.4b
 The effect of the parasympathetic are exerted
by acetylcholine.
 The effect of the sympathetic are exerted by
norepinephrine
 Effect of symp. & parasymp. Stimulation

organ Symp. effect Parasymp. effect

Eye pupil dilation constriction

Salivary gland Small secretion Large secretion

Bronchioles dilation constriction

Heart rate Increase Decrease

Contractility Increase No effect

GIT motility Decrease Increase

GIT secretion Decrease Increase

Vessels Constriction No effect

Micturition & defecation Inhibition Excitation

Sweating Increase No effect

sympathetic
parasympathetic