ADAMA SCIENCE AND

TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY
Department of Mechanical engineering
Assignment of heavy duty and earth moving
machineries

Group assignment on:- hauling equipment's

 HAULING EQUIPMENT
Definition
Hauling equipment is used on the job site to move
materials from place to place.
Hauling units transport the earth, aggregate, rock,
ore, coal and other materials.
Hauling units may be road vehicles or rail-road
locomotives.
Hauling equipment mainly consist of trailers pulled by
tractors or trucks.
MAJOR TYPES OF HAULING EQUIPMENT
1. CRANES
Cranes are used to lift materials and even demolition.
They commonly move building supplies, drilling
supplies, or soil with cables, sheaves and a hoist.
Mobile cranes are mounted onto flat cars, trucks, or
other mobile platforms with trusses.
Fixed cranes cannot move and are fixed onto steel
towers. Thus, fixed cranes can reach higher, farther, and
can support greater loads.
Cranes are mostly weight lifters.
There are different types of cranes which are intended
for different types of building works.

Bridge crane

Overhead crane
Hydraulic crane Aerial crane

Cranes are widely being used to lift materials.

Therefore, cranes play a major role in construction
projects. Also cranes are being used in the skyscraper
construction projects.
2. BULLDOZERS
Bull dozers are extra strong equipment which can be used
to loosen and shift dirt and further hard matters.
They are used for moving earth up to a distance of about
100m and act as a towing tractor and pusher to scraper
machines.
They can be track-mounted or wheel-mounted
The heavy blade attached to the tractor, which can be
raised or lowered by hydraulic control, digs and pushes the
material from one place to another.

Track based bulldozer Wheel bulldozer

3. EXCAVATORS
Excavators are equipment used for digging holes,
demolishing buildings, and lifting heavy loads to
name a few.
They have an extendable arm with a digging bucket
attached to the end and come in many different sizes.

Excavators
4. LOADERS
Loaders, like bulldozers, can be wheel-based or track-
based.
 Their primary use is to load loose materials onto a
conveyor belt or into a dump truck.
 The dump truck or conveyor belt then moves the
materials away.

Wheel loader backhoe loader

Loaders most commonly used for:

– Excavating soft to medium-hard material

– Loading haul units

– Stockpiling material

– Backfilling

– Moving concrete and other construction

materials
5. TRACTORS
This is the most used machinery in every farm.
Its purpose is to pull supplies and heavy objects
required in production.
At the back, it has 2 big wheels, and at the front, it has
2 smaller ones.
Modern tractors have a durable body and wheels,
temperature control and comfortable seats.
 Types of tractors:

Utility tractors,
Tractors with a four-wheel drive,
Compact utility tractors,
Row Crop Tractors,
Tractors work at much slower speeds but can be
hooked up to do most any job.
One can add buckets, blades, backhoes, or quick
hitches to a tractor.
They also have the power to push or pull other
construction equipment.
6. TRUCKS
Trucks are used to haul materials on roads because the
hauling cost for trucks is low compared to other
construction equipment.
Dump trucks commonly move sands, dirt, soils, and
clay. Articulated dump trucks are available to use in
tougher terrain.
Hauling trucks are used to move equipment from one
location to another.
Classification:
On Highway or off-Highway.
The method of dumping the load- rear dump, bottom-
dump, side-dump.
The type of frame- rigid frame or articulated frame.
The kind of drive- two-wheel, four-wheel, or six-wheel.
The capacity- gravimetric (tons) or volumetric (cubic
meters).

Dump Trucks:
Dump trucks are open vehicles which are capable of
carrying and dumping earth, aggregate or other loose
material to construction sites on various project such
as dams, highways, ports, etc.
 Dumps truck
On –Highway Dump Trucks:
For a construction project dump truck is very common
and essential equipment and is available in various
sizes and types.
These on-highway dump trucks are generally classified
by the volumetric or tonnage payload capacity.
Off- Highway Dump Trucks:

Off-Highway dump trucks do not have tail gates,

therefore the body floor slopes upwards at a slight
angle towards the rear.
THANK YOU!!