Leadership B.Sc. Fisheries (Hons.

)
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Level-4 Semester-1
 Dr. Mohammad Ashraful Islam
Professor, Department of Agricultural
Extension Education

Leadership B.Sc. Fisheries (Hons.)

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Level-4 Semester-1
 Leadership

It is the phenomenon of influencing,

guiding and directing the thoughts
and actions of the people in the
intended direction.

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 Leadership DVM
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 Qualities of Good leader
Knowledge Sympathy
Pleasing personality Enthusiasm
Tact Sincerity
Courtesy Leadership skill
Initiative Loyalty
Impartiality Perseverance
Flexibility Versatility
Fearlessness Vision
Cheerfulness Integrity
Industrious Ethics
Emotional stability

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 Classification of Leadership

Depending on focus of study leadership (Whyte):

1. Operational leaders
2. Popularity leadership
3. Assumed representative type
4. Prominent talent

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 Leadership B.Sc. Fisheries (Hons.)
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 "Six Leadership Styles" refers to the theory put forth by
Daniel Goleman in his work, "Leadership that Gets Results,"
which was published by the Harvard Business Review in
2000. Goleman and his team of researchers studied about
3,000 mid-level managers to see what styles they used
effectively in which situations, and six styles emerged. They
found that the best leaders were self aware and had
empathy for others. Most interesting is that instead of
having one distinct management style based on their
personalities, Goleman found that successful managers are
able to switch styles as needed, depending upon the
situation.

Leadership B.Sc. Fisheries (Hons.)

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 1. Coercive
"Do as I say." It's good only when it's important that others know to take
orders without question, such as after a natural disaster.

2. Authoritative
Instead of giving orders, the leader gives the goal but lets team members
decide how they're going to get there. Authoritative approaches work well
when the team needs a new vision, but the members are self-directed
enough to figure out how to accomplish it.

3. Affiliative
In this style, the leader puts great emphasis on the team members to build
their morale and help them feel good about working together as a team.
Everyone's contributions are stressed, and everyone is important to the
team. It's a good way to build trust and team harmony. A leader who only
uses the affiliative style, however, often fails to correct poor employee
actions, and the company can suffer as a result.

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4. Democratic
• Giving everyone a voice and a vote sounds fair,
said Goleman, but it can bog down the company's
operations. It's a good way to encourage everyone
to speak up and offer ideas, which is especially
useful when the direction to take is uncertain and
new thoughts are needed. Giving everyone a say
takes time, though, so it's not a good style for crisis
situations or any time a decision is needed quickly.

Leadership B.Sc. Fisheries (Hons.)

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• Pacesetting
• Leaders who set high standards for themselves and
encourage others to meet these standards are setting
the pace for high achievement. It works for highly
self-motivated employees, but others can feel
constantly pushed to excel. Pacesetting can harm the
company's overall climate when everyone feels
pushed to do more and at a faster pace. When they
can't keep up the pace, they begin to feel as if they're
failing, regardless how much they might be achieving.
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• Coaching
• Coaching is great for helping employees who
want to improve their habits and are eager to
have help doing so. It doesn't work as well for
those who are resistant to change or don't
believe they need to do so. It can also
undermine a person's self-confidence if he
feels he is being coached too much and not
allowed to think for himself.
Leadership B.Sc. Fisheries (Hons.)
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 Others
Charismatic: Create a self-image so powerful
that people are naturally drawn to him. The
leader inspire the followers to transcend self-
interests for the good of the organization & is
capable of having profound & extraordinary
effect on his followers.
Laissez-faire: Leaders always play a passive
role, subordinate are left completely on their
own.
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 Leadership B.Sc. Fisheries (Hons.)
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 Importance of Leadership in extension

Since extension is an educational programme,

it requires active & self participation of the
clients. Leaders play important roles in
extension activities offering close contact of
the clients with the development activities of
an organization, timely planning &
implementation of the programs, evaluation
of the progress, coordination & cooperation.

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Importance
 Role of mediator
 Help in planning of extension work
 Serve in execution of extension program
 Speak for the group & reflect their actual need
 Coordinate the activities of group
 Assist in evaluation of program
 Develop leadership in others
 Guide the people towards right direction
 Cooperate among the groups

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 Professional Leader
A professional leader is one who by his
knowledge, skill & abilities can provide
leadership in some fields of development

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Duties & Responsibilities of Professional Leader

 To understand the actions of the people he must study sociology,

psychology, anthropology & applied aspects of leadership
 He must know how to stimulate and train members of a group to
function as leader
 He must usurp leadership from the people whom he would serve
but must allow the leaders from the group.
 He must be constantly alert to new ideas & methods & also the
requirement of the group.
 He should educate the local leaders so that they advance his ideas
as their own & assume active leadership.

Leadership B.Sc. Fisheries (Hons.)

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Level-4 Semester-1
 Local leader
Local leaders are people selected, because of
special fitness to work on some phases of local
program. These people belong to the primary
group with which extension works.
a) Action Leader: They usually work with other
people in the locality & play their leadership role.
b) Opinion Leader: Who usually don’t work with
people but provide valuable opinion & decision
by dint of their leadership qualities in influencing
others to work
Leadership B.Sc. Fisheries (Hons.)
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i) Monomorphic: Usually acts as opinion
leader for a single topic
ii) Polymorphic: Acts as opinion leader for a
variety of topics

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 Comparison between Professional & Local Leader
Basis Professional Local
Planning Help in identifying problem & Involve local people in program
preparing programs for solving to solve local
problem
Decision Have no power to take decision Can take decision on the basis of
on behalf of the people opinion of local people
Nature of work Works in such a way that local Learn from the Professional
leaders themselves can plan, leaders to plan, execute &
execute & evaluate extension evaluate extn. programs
programs
Control Controlled by institutional rules Controlled by social values &
& regulations norms
Knowledge, Possess knowledge & skill for Acceptance to local people &
skill & abilities giving advice in specialized fields possess abilities to plan &
execute local dev. programs
Leadership role Allow leader of the group to Act as organizational leader of
function extension group

Leadership B.Sc. Fisheries (Hons.)

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 Basis Professional Local

Initiativeness Encourage local leaders to take Take initiative for starting action
active role in transferring by the people & inspire them to
technical information get things done

Training Imparts training on new Receive training and impart

technology training to the villagers to
improve their skill & abilities

Relationship Helps group leaders & members Initiate the work & act as
in their works coordinator

Remuneration Take remuneration for his service Work voluntarily

Leadership B.Sc. Fisheries (Hons.)

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 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LEADER & MANAGER
MANAGER
1. Managers have employees
2. Managers react to change
3. Managers have good ideas
4. Managers communicate
5. Managers direct groups
6. Managers try to be heroes
7. Managers take credit
8. Managers are focused
9. Managers exercise power over
people
Leadership
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LEADER
1. Leaders win followers
2. Leaders create change
3. Leaders implement them
4. Leaders persuade
5. Leaders create teams
6. Leaders make heroes of everyone around them
7. Leaders take responsibility
8. Leaders create shared focus
9. Leaders develop power with people
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 Selection of Local Leader
1. Socio-metric method
2. Active participation
3. Social participation
4. Formal & informal meeting
5. Person with social reputation
6. A self rating techniques
7. Informal & indirect rating
8. Formal leaders
9. Discussion method
10.Workshop method
11.Group election method
Leadership B.Sc. Fisheries (Hons.)
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 Duties & Responsibilities of Local Leader
 To have faith in worthwhileness of extn prog.
 To make utmost efforts for the success of exten program
 To speed up those process which will help people to achieve their common
purposes
 To take initiative for starting action by the people
 To improve his own technical knowledge to deal with the people
 To help people in identifying their needs & problems
 To conduct demonstration & such other things which encourage farmers to adopt
improved practices
 Guide people by instruction & advice & not to drive them by orders
 To help extension professionals in planning, execution and evaluation of extension
programs

Leadership B.Sc. Fisheries (Hons.)

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 Leadership B.Sc. Fisheries (Hons.)
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