Unit 1: Introduction to Physics

Branches, Measurement (Conversion and Scientific Notation)

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics

 Chapter 1

PHYSICS
PHYSICS
Deals with the interaction
Interaction of matter, and
of force, force, and
energy.
energy.
Traditional divided into classical and modern
physics.

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Sarmiento (author)
 Physics
Classical Modern
(Mechanics, Heat and Thermodynamics, (Special and Gen. Relativity, Nuclear
Optics, Electricity and Magnetism, Wave
motion and Sound)
Physics, Quantum Mechanics, Particle
Measurement Physics, others fr. 1900 onwards)

units
accurate precise
standards random errors
absolute

systematic relative
uncertainties

curve
least count standard graphs
deviation fitting
 SUB-BRANCHES FUNCTIONS APPLICATION/S

Deals with motion, force work, Hot air balloon, rockets, and
1. MECHANICS
energy, and fluids. etc 

2. HEAT AND Motor Engine, Cooking, Air

Deals with the effects of heat.
THERMODYNAMICS condition, and etc 

Deals with the study of light

3. OPTICS Mirror, lenses, lasers, and etc 
and its properties.

Deals with the phenomena

associated with electrical
4. ELECTRICITY AND Battery, Transformer, TV, and
charges, magnetism, and
MAGNETISM etc 
relationship bet. Electricity and
magnetism.
 5. WAVE MOTION AND Deals with the properties, transmission and
 Playing Guitar, Radio, and etc
SOUND perception of different types of waves.

Tells how matter curves space—time and

6. GENERAL AND SPECIAL how the curvature of time-space dictates  Balckholes, light bending due
RELATIVITY the trajectory of matter and light.
to gravity, Behavior of the
 
  planet Mercury in its orbit, and
Deals with phenomena when an object
  etc.
moves with speeds approaching the speed
of light in vacuum.

Deals with the properties of and the  Radioactive Dating, Fusion

7. NUCLEAR PHYSICS reaction within the atomic nucleus. (How sun works), and etc
Deals with the building blocks of matter  MRI, Diapers, Cargo Scanning,
8. PARTICLE PHYSICS called elementary particle. and etc.

9. QUANTUM Deals with the nature and behaviour of

 Atomic Clocks, MRI Scanner,
energy and matter on the atomic and
MECHANICS Electron Microscopy and etc.
subatomic levels.
Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Sarmiento (author)
 Measurement
Measurementin
inPhysics
Physics
MEASUREMENT
The process of comparing something with a standard

 How is measurement important in our daily

living?

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Sarmiento (author)
 Measurement
Measurementin
inPhysics
Physics
Metric System
• 2 variation (mks and cgs system)
• mks (meter, kilogram, and second)
• cgs (centimetre, gram, and second) 2
Systems
English System of Units
• Otherwise known as fps system
• fps (foot, pound, and second)

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Sarmiento (author)
 Measurement in Physics
International System
SI (International SystemUnits (SI)
of Units)
Modern form of metric system.
PHYSICAL QUANTITIES
FUNDAMENTAL QUANTITIES DERIVED QUANTITIES
a. Length a. Speed
b. Mass b. Acceleration
c. Time c. Work
d. Temperature d. Density
e. Electric current e. Energy
f. Luminous Intensity f. Etc…
g. Amount of Substance

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Sarmiento (author)
 Measurement in Physics
Quantity Unit Symbol

SI Fundamental Units
Length meter m
Mass kilogram kg
Time second s
Temperature kelvin K
Electric Current ampere A
Luminous Intensity candela cd
Amount of Substance mole mol

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Sarmiento (author)
 Measurement in Physics
What are the defining constant of the SI?

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Sarmiento (author)
 Measurement in Physics
Conversion Table (Length)

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Sarmiento (author)
 Measurement in Physics
Conversion Table (Mass)

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Sarmiento (author)
 Measurement in Physics
Conversion Table (Volume)

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Sarmiento (author)
 Measurement: Unit Conversion
Conversion is an exchange of one
unit to another.
Conversion Factor Desired
Unit
Given Unit x Given
Unit
Cancel Unit
Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Sarmiento (author)
 Measurement: Unit Conversion
Desired
Given Unit
Unit
x Given Unit
Steps:
 Identify (given unit and desired unit).
 Write the given and desired unit as one formula.
 Cancel the same unit.
 Now, multiply the given unit to the desired one.
Then, divide the result in the given unit

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Sarmiento (author)
 Measurement: Unit Conversion
Step 1. Identify (given unit and desired unit).
Example:
• Convert 35 kilometer to meter.

given unit desired unit

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Sarmiento (author)
 Measurement: Unit Conversion
Step 2. Write the given and desired unit as one formula.
Example:
• Convert 35 kilometer to meter.
  
=35 km × (1 km = 1000 m)

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Sarmiento (author)
 Measurement: Unit Conversion
Step 3. Cancel the same unit
Example:
• Convert 35 kilometer to meter.
 
=35 km ×

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Sarmiento (author)
 Measurement: Unit Conversion
Step 4. Now, multiply the given unit (left) to the desired
one (upper right). Then, divide the result in the given unit
(lower right).

Example: Convert 35 kilometer to meter.

 
=35 km ×
 
=

= 35, 000 m
Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Sarmiento (author)
 Measurement: Unit Conversion
Desired
Given Unit
Unit
x Given Unit
Steps:
 Identify (given unit and desired unit).
 Write the given and desired unit as one formula.
 Cancel the same unit.
 Now, multiply the given unit (left)to the desired
one (upper right). Then, divide the result in the
given unit(lower left).
Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Sarmiento (author)
 Measurement: Scientific
Notation
Expressed in the
form of Power of
10
Any number
bet. 1-10
N x 10 n

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Sarmiento (author)
 Measurement: Scientific
Notation
Steps:
1) Identify whether the number is large or small.
2) Move the decimal point to the left/right:
a. To the left, if it is greater than 10
b. To the right, if it is less than 10.
3) Write the base 10 and the exponent n.
4) Exponent n is positive if it moves to the left,
then negative if it moves to the right.

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Sarmiento (author)
 Measurement: Scientific
Notation
Steps:
1) Identify whether the number is large or small.

Large and Small:

100 0.10

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Sarmiento (author)
 Measurement: Scientific
Steps:Notation
2) Move the decimal point to the left/right:
a. To the left, if it is greater than 10
b. To the right, if it is less than 10.
Example: 100 m Example: 0.10 m

100. 0.10
1.0 1.0
Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
m m Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Sarmiento (author)
 Measurement: Scientific
Steps:Notation
3) Write the base 10 and the exponent n.
Example: 100 m Example: 0.10 m
100. 0.10
1.0
1.0 × 10 n
1.0
1.0 × 10 n

mm mm
Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Sarmiento (author)
 Measurement: Scientific
Steps:Notation
4) Exponent n is positive if it moves to the left, then negative
if it moves to the right.
Example: 100 m Example: 0.10 m
100. 0.10
1.0 × 10 2
1.0 × 10 -1

m m
Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Sarmiento (author)
 Measurement: Scientific
Notation
Steps:
1) Identify whether the number is large or small.
2) Move the decimal point to the left/right:
a. To the left, if it is greater than 10
b. To the right, if it is less than 10.
3) Write the base 10 and the exponent n.
4) Exponent n is positive if it moves to the left,
then negative if it moves to the right.

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics

Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Sarmiento (author)
 REFERENCES
Book:
Silverio, A., (2017). Exploring Life Through Science
(Gen. Physics 1). Phoenix Publishing
House Inc. ISBN 978-971-06-4152-9
Links:
www.freedictionary.com
Pictures:
www.google.com
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Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
Sarmiento (author)