COLLEGE OF MARITIME EDUCATION

Basic Principle
of a Separator
LESSON PLAN
COURSE : Auxiliary Machineries______________
MODULE : Separator________________________

Specific Learning Objectives:

1. Describe the two kinds of separator
2. Label at least 5 basic parts of a separator
bowl
What is a Separator?
• Can be:
• Purifier
Use to separate different liquids using an
interference

• Clarifier

Can only separate solid from liquid

Separation of Liquids and Solids
g • By the action of
gravity solid
particles settle
down to the
bottom.
Separation Time
• The time required for
separation depends on
the speed of the
particle and the
distance the particle
must travel. Bigger
particle travel quicker.
Decrease the distance

Liquid flowing towards

outlet
Gravity forces • The shape of this tank
makes the distance of
the particle to lessen.
The particle have two
motion: side wards –
liquid flowing towards
outlet and down wards
– gravity forces
Increase the Speed

• Increasing feed rate will

make other particles to
flow together with the
liquid.
Fit in Plates

• If you put in plate

like this the
distance will be
very short.
• You can effectively
increase the speed
of separation
Separation of Liquids

• Gravity can also use

to separate two
different liquids
which do not dissolve
with each other
oil
Interface
water
One inlet and two outlet

With continuous
separation two
outlet can be
use to separate
Oil two different
outlet liquids: water
and oil
Water
outlet
Adjusting Weir ring
Stoke’s Law
 
V

•  where: V = velocity
d = particle diameter
= density of liquid
18 = constant
= viscosity
g = gravity
Using Centrifugal Force
Stoke’s Law

 
V

Centrifugal
Gravity remains constant while forge
rotating the purifier bowl can
significantly increase as you increase
the revolutions per minute
Fitting in plates and holes
Oil outlet Oil inlet

Water
outlet
Disc
Holes – this
Stacks enables the
distribution of
the liquid to
the disc stacks
Bowl
Summary
• Difference of a Clarifier and Purifier
• Basic separation/sedimentation is through gravity
• To increase efficiency :
• Reduce distance
• Use centrifugal force
Quiz

• Describe a Clarifier and a Purifier.

Label the parts
3 4
5
2
6