Radioactive

Decay

By: Ms. Rita S.

O
B • Learn the different types of
J radioactive decay and it’s
E penetrating ability
C • Predict the nuclear equation
T of element that undergoes
I radioactive decaying.
V • Realize the hazards of
E radiation and uses of
S radioisotopes
 Particles
found inside
nucleus.
(p+ & n0)
NUCLEID
NUCLEONS
SYMBOL

𝐴
Sum of no. of ATOMIC  
𝑍 𝑋
proton and NUMBER
A-Atomic Mass
neutron Z-Atomic Number
ATOMIC Number of
MASS proton

REMEMBERING
THE TERMS
Guess The
Word

?
Radioactiv
e
Stable
Radioactivit
y
Fission
Alpha
Decay
Beta Decay
Gamma
Decay
Neutron
 Radioisotop r !
be m
es
atoms that contain an me
R e
unstable combination e !
r of
m b
neutrons and protons e
Radioactivity R e m
r !
e spontaneously
nucleusmbthat
m e
decomposing
e to form different
! R
er
nucleus and one or more
b
m particles
me
Re General term for radioactive
Why does
radioactivity occur
in most nucleus?
To become stable
How to become a
stable nucleus?
Undergo
radioactive
decaying
 Types of Radioactive Decay

Alpha Decay

Beta Decay

Gamma
Decay
Reasons Of Being An Unstable Nucleus

Too big
Be Alert!
Too many neutron

Too many proton

It’s Radioactive
On it’s excited state
 ALPHA
 
DECAY
The parent nucleus, emits a
particle consisting of two (2) proton
and (2) neutrons. The emitted
nucleus, called as daughter nucleus,
is usually represented as or
ALPHA
DECAY
 ALPHA
DECAY
Let’s Predict!
Reasons Of Being An Unstable Nucleus

Too big
Be Alert!
Too many neutron

Too many proton

It’s Radioactive
On it’s excited state
 BETA
DECAY
The parent nucleus, emits either an electron (e )
-

or positron (e+)
• (e-)- nucleus gains positive charge as neutron
becomes proton, thus increasing the atomic
number
• (e+) –nucleus loses positive charge as proton
becomes neutron, thus decreasing the atomic
number
 BETA
DECAY
However, these reactions were
found to violate the conservation of
energy and momentum. Pauli (1930)
proposed that there is an other
particle involved such as “neutrino”
(little neutral one). The symbol for
neutrino is (v) and anti-neutrino (ṽ)
 BETA
DECAY
Reasons Of Being An Unstable Nucleus

Too big
Be Alert!
Too many neutron

Too many proton

It’s Radioactive
On it’s excited state
 GAMMA
DECAY
The parent nucleus emits a
photon with high energy without
changing its composition .This
happen when a parent nucleus of a
previous alpha or beta decay is in
“excited state”
GAMMA
DECAY
Penetrating Ability of Radiation
Source

Paper Plastic/Hand Concrete/Steel/Lead

 Alpha Beta Gamma
decay Decay Decay
Alpha Particle Positron and Gamma ray
Emitted electron
particle/s

Symbol for
emitted
particle

Causes/
Reason
 Try
This!
Radiation
Hazard
 USES of
Radioisotopes
QUIZ
Its not bad to advance, what
bad is we forget to look
back.

THANK YOU