WHAT IF ?

Using mixed conditionals to describe events that changed history

WHAT IF???

The industrial revolution hadn’t happened?

Men hadn’t landed on the moon?

Vietnam war hadn’t happened?

Social media hadn’t been created?

 HOW DO MIXED
CONDITIONALS WORK?
 IN A CONDITIONAL SENTENCE
…
We have the “if” part, which sets up the situation, and the other
part, which describes the result.
 PAST SITUATION – PRESENT RESULT

PAST PRESENT
     
If I had studied harder, I would be at University.
he would know that they drive on the left
If he had been to Cyprus,
there.
If she had known English, she would have that job.
If he had won the lottery, he would be rich.
 STRUCTURE

IF PAST PERFECT PRESENT CONDITIONAL

(WOULD / WOULDN’T + BARE
INFINITIVE)
 PAST SITUATION – FUTURE RESULT
PAST
If she had had more money,
If I had gotten that job,
If I had been born in England,
If they hadn't broken the
window,
FUTURE
she would be joining us for the ski trip.
I would be starting tomorrow.
I wouldn't have to go to the consulate next
week.
we wouldn't have to go to court.
 STRUCTURE

IF PAST PERFECT WOULD HAVE TO/

WOULD BE + VERB
ING /
 PRESENT SITUATION – PAST RESULT

PRESENT PAST
     
If I spoke German, I would have applied for the position.

If I lived in England, I would have gone to the London Olympics.

If I was a gardener, I would have bought a garden.

If I didn't work so hard, I could have gone to the concert.
 STRUCTURE

IF PAST SIMPLE WOULD HAVE +

PAST PARTICIPLE
EXERCISE # 1
Complete the sentences
 IF STALIN
HADN’T RULED
RUSSIA, ………
 IF THE SECOND
WORLD WAR
HADN’T HAPPENED,
…..
IF POVERTY HAD
BEEN REMOVED
FROM THE
EARTH, …..
IF ELECTRICITY
HADN’T BEEN
DISCOVERED, …..
IF THE INTERNET
HADN’T BEEN
INVENTED, …..
IF BELL HADN’T
INVENTED THE
TELEPHONE, ….
IF JOHN LOGGIE
BAIRD HADN’T
INVENTED THE
TV, ….
IF COLUMBUS
HADN’T
DISCOVERED
AMERICA, ….
 EXERCISE # 2
Rewrite the following sentences using mixed conditionals
I DIDN’T WIN THE LOTTERY
IN THE PAST, SO I’M NOT
RICH NOW
 THE CORONAVIRUS
ATTACKED THE WHOLE
WORLD, NOW WE HAVE TO
ATTEND ONLINE CLASSES.
 I HAVE TO WORK A LOT,
THAT’S WHY I DIDN’T GO TO
THE PARTY LAST NIGHT.
I DIDN’T GET THE JOB, SO I
WON’T BE MOVING TO
SHANGHAI
LISTENING PRACTICE
 HOW IMPORTANT DO
YOU THINK WW1
WAS?
PRE-
LISTENING
QUESTIONS WHAT DO YOU THINK
THE WORLD WOULD
BE LIKE IF WW1
HADN’T HAPPENED?
 DUE DATE:
Thursday 20th
First Exam Writing Activity
Describe an important historical event you know about, and you would like to have witnessed. 
You should answer these questions:
■ what event is it? – when did it happen? - who or what was involved in it ?
■ Why would you like to have witnessed that event?
■ Is there any important person/character from that time you would like to have met? Why?
■ Describe what the world would be like if that important event hadn't happened.

IMPORTANT! Write the composition using the grammar structures seen during this term. 

It should have the following structure: 

1. Introduction
2. Body paragraphs - 2
3. Conclusion
SPEAKING
WHAT IF COVID 19 HADN’T HAPPENED?

■ PREPARE A VIDEO IN
WHICH YOU ANSWER
THIS QUESTION USING
MIXED CONDITIONALS
& ADVANCED GERUNDS
AND INFINITIVES.
 SPEAKING ACTIVITY OF THE WEEK
Activity: "An Alternate Ending"

Using the grammar structures covered during the week  (mixed conditionals, complex gerunds and
infinitives) and the text you wrote (if you want to talk about the same event), describe what the
world would be like if an important event hadn'tAdditionally,
happened. come up with 3 questions
related to your presentation to ask any
How would our lives be right now? What would the future be like? 
of your classmates their opinion on the
topic. 

Create a powerpoint presentation or a poster as visual aid, but DO NOT READ THE ESSAY,
remember this is a SPEAKING activity, not A READING ONE.