Presentation Skills

Andlib Zaidi
29/10/20
“Great speakers aren’t born,
they are trained.”

Presenting is a Skill…
Developed through training and experience
 Definition of Effective Presentation
Effective
• “…producing a desired result”

Presentation
• “Something set forth to an audience for the
attention of the mind “
STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING ORAL
PRESENTATIONS

Steps for preparing effective oral presentations

Ways of delivering the oral message
Strategies for using an effective oral delivery
Strategies for effective nonverbal delivery
  Steps for Preparing Effective Oral
Presentation
1. Determine the purpose.
2. Analyze the audience and occasion.
3. Select the main ideas for the message.
4. Research the topic
5. Organize the data and write the draft.
6. Create visual aids.
7. Rehearse the talk.
 1. Determine the purpose
Three Main Purposes
1. Inform or Instruct
Core goal is to clarify, secure understanding, explain. At the conclusion of
your message the listener have a better comprehension of an issue, an idea,
a process or a procedure.
2. Persuade
The keyword is willing. Your goal is that after your presentation, listeners
will accept your proposal, your claim, your thesis.
3. Entertain
May not only include humorous statement i.e. ceremonial, introductory
statements on Social occasions i.e. promotion parties, retirement or
anniversaries
 2.Analyse the audience
Seek out information about the audience i.e.
Age range
Size of group
Interests
Goals
Occupations

Note: for same occupation you can use more technical expressions
and illustrations
 3.Select the topic for the Message
• First select the main theme or core ideas
• Gather additional information about the core idea
• First list the core ideas, may be disorganized, haphazard –
fine
• Then select those ideas that are workable and offer a
unified theme
• Some speakers begin with filling a complete page with
single word or incomplete sentences – a form of
organization
• Do not rush this stage of preparation
 4. Research the topic
• As in writing you need to collect facts, data and
information
• Your research may cause you to drop your initial
ideas and add new
• Read, read and read
• New facts, new views will continuously appear
 5. Organize the Data and Write the Draft
Good speech has three parts
• Introduction: Remember the PAL is an easy way to recall
Porch: Your opening remarks. Begin with a quotation, a question,
a startling, a reference to occasion, a reference to the past, a
humorous story.
Aim: Your purpose. Why you are talking. Here you clearly state
the aim for your purpose.
Layout: Your agenda. Telling the audience your main points,
often by numbers, give the precise understanding of the major
points you will cover, it’s the roadmap.
 5. Organize the Data and Write the Draft
Cont.
• Body (Text, Discussion)
Heart of the message.
Here you include evidence, data for your central theme,
organize the support for your central purpose. However, there is
time constraint, so limited to two to three main points
• Conclusion
A summary reminds the listeners of the main points covered in
the body of the talk and inference/suggestion from the data.
There must be an ending or a “closing” to your remarks.
 6. Create Visual aids
• PowerPoint slides
• Overhead transparencies
• Graphs/charts
• Pictures
• Web links
• Films/video
• Flip charts
• Sketches
• Chalk or white board
 6. Preparation - slides
• Use Images & Graphics
• Minimise text & numbers
• Light text on dark background
• Avoid distracting backgrounds
• Use same font size and style, for heading 44 and text
• Mixture upper and lower case
• Use colour to highlight text
• Keep figures simple
• Thick lines and large symbols
• Progressive disclosure
 7. Rehearse the talk
Rehearse at least three times
• In front of mirror
• Friend
• Or any person with whom you have convience
  Ways of delivering the oral message

1. Extemporaneous
2. Reading
3. Memorization
4. Impromptu
  Strategies for using an effective oral
delivery
1. Pitch
Highness and lowness of voice
2. Monotone
The speaker has little or no variation in pitch
3. Rate
Don’t speak so slow or so fast.
  Strategies for using an effective oral
delivery
THE VOICE
C: Clear – the use of simple, easily understood words and
phrases
L: Loud (enough) – it is important that everyone can hear you
A: Assertive – a bright and confident air born of knowledge of
the subject and good preparation
P: Pause – it is essential to allow the listeners time to digest
what you have said
  Strategies for effective nonverbal
delivery

1. Posture
2. Movement
3. Gestures
4. Facial Expressions
5. Appearance
 STRATEGIES FOR REDUCING STAGE
FEAR
1. Know your subject well. Prepare with the attitude
that you know the subject, on the day, better than
anyone else.
2. Rehearse at the place, where you have to present.
3. Pre check your equipment – projector, screen,
extension codes.
4. Approach the lectern with assurance and enthusiasm
 Questions

If you don’t know the answer, say so.

• Offer to find out.

• Ask the audience