BSEE 201-B Instructor: Engr. Leandro T. Saavedra

ENSC 23:
STATICS OF RIGID BODIES
dBSEE 201-B INSTRUCTOR: ENGR. LEANDRO T.

SAAVEDRA 1
MARC JULIUS ORDOÑEZ
GROUP LEADER
LIST OF • Created the PowerPoint

• Created Module 1, 2, and 3
MEMBERS
• Answered Module 2 ( Problem 14)
• Answered Activity 2 problem 1
AND THEIR
CONTRIBUTION
• Answered Sample problems 4
2
JHON ALBERT ESPELA
GROUP MEMBER
LIST OF
• Answered Module 1( Problem 1)
MEMBERS • Answered Activity 1 problem 1

• Answered Sample problem 3
AND THEIR
CONTRIBUTION
3
MARVIN GAGARIN
GROUP MEMBER
LIST OF • Answered Module 2( Problem 10)

MEMBERS • Answered Activity 1 problem 2

AND THEIR
CONTRIBUTION
4
ANGELO PORCIONCULA
GROUP MEMBER
LIST OF • Answered Module 2( Problem 8)

MEMBERS • Answered Sample problem 8
AND THEIR
CONTRIBUTION
5
BRIAN NICOLE ESTOLE
GROUP MEMBER
LIST OF
AND THEIR
CONTRIBUTION
6
ANGELBERTLIE
GROUP MEMEBR
SUMILANG
LIST OF • Answered Module 2 ( Problem 13)

AND THEIR
CONTRIBUTION
7
KYLE ZYREL ESGUERRA
GROUP MEMBER
LIST OF • Answered Module 1 ( Problem 7)

AND THEIR
CONTRIBUTION
8
FIRST
MODULE
Two Main Branch of Mechanics
SOLID MECHANICS
FLUID MECHANICS
the mass of the body has parts that
are assumed to be fixed in position
relative to one another under the
action of forces.
Two Branches of Solid Mechanics

is a study of gases and liquids at rest
1. Statics – Is branches of solid or in motions. Fluids are treated as
mechanics dealing with rigid solids ideal, viscous or compressible.
that are remain at rest. Hydrostatics is a study of forces
2. Dynamics – the branch of cause by water at rest;
mechanics dealing with solid that are hydrodynamics is a study of forces
in motion caused by water in motion.
Two Branches
A. Kinetics – is concerned with the
motion of bodies and the forces
causing such motion.
B. Kinematics – is concerned with the
motion of bodies without reference to
cause.
Forces are classified in accordance
with the nature of concentration
A. Static Force – Bodies at rest Kinds of Loads (Concentrated and
Forces and Characteristics B. Dynamic Force – Bodies in motion Distributed Forces)
Forces – action of one body upon C. Impact Force – are associated with A. Concentrated load
another usually very high and suddenly B. Uniform distributed load
Three Important Characteristics of C. Variable distributed load
applied dynamics forces.
Forces
A. Magnitude (Forces is expressed in External and Internal Effects of Forces.
neutron (N) (kN) (Nm) ) Forces can also be classified A. External Effect – is manifested in or
B. Position or point of application A. Stationary Load – do not change a tendency to change. The state of
C. Sense of direction their point of application motion of the body upon which the
B. Moving Load – Those due to force acts.
vehicular wheel loads on check of B. Internal Effect – to produce stresses
and strains within the body acted
bridge
upon.
structures.
11
dSTATICS OF RIGID BODIES ENGR. LEANDRO T. SAAVEDRA

FORCE SYSTEM
A force system is a set of Concurrent
two or more coplanar or spatial Parallel
forces (and forces couples) that Coplanar

Non-Concurrent
may or may not be equilibrium. Non-Parallel
Whether the forces are coplanar or Force System
spatial, there are basically three Concurrent
forces system in each category and Parallel
are characterized by the position Spatial
and direction of the forces in the Non-Concurrent

Non-Parallel
system
A RESULTANT of force system is a single force, or a couple force which acting alone, will produce
the same affected as the force system. The process of determining the resultant of a force system is
referred to as composition of forces.
d
STATICS OF RIGID BODIES ENGR. LEANDRO T. SAAVEDRA
12
The EQUILIBRANT of a force system is a single force or a force couple which if and when added to
the force system. The equilibrant is thus equal to collinear. But opposite in direction which the
resultant.
A RESULTANT of force system is a single force, or a couple force which acting alone, will produce
the same affected as the force system. The process of determining the resultant of a force system is
referred to as composition of forces.
The EQUILIBRIUM is a condition when the resultant of the force system is equal to zero. This implies
that the forces in the system balance or neutralized each other. A body acted upon by a system of
forces in equilibrium is better at rest or moving in a straight line. At constant velocity and continues
to do so until acted upon by another forces system that alters the magnitude and direction of the
resultant.
d
13
VECTOR VECTOR QUANTITIES MOMENT OF A FORCE
VECTOR is a quantity that has VECTOR QUANTITIES refer to the MOMENT OF A FORCE is the
both magnitude and direction. It physical quantities characterized by product of force and the
is typically represented by an the presence of both magnitude as perpendicular distance of its
arrow whose direction is the well as direction. For example, line of action to references
same as that of the quantity and displacement, force, torque, point or axis the turning
whose length is proportional to momentum, acceleration, velocity, effect.
the quantity's magnitude. etc.

PROBLEM 1
Figure (a) Shows two position vectors, the magnitude in which

are A= 60 meters and B= 100 meters (A position vector is a
vector drawn between two points in space). Determine the
resultant R= A+B using the following methods:
d STATICS OF RIGID BODIES 15

ENGR. LEANDRO T. SAAVEDRA
PROBLEM 2
Determine the magnitude and direction of the resultant of the

force system shown.

PROBLEM 3
A force of 200 KN is directed as shown in the figure. Determine X

and Y components of the force.

PROBLEM 4
Determine the x and y component of each of the following force

shown on the figure.

PROBLEM 5
The triangular block shown in Figure 206 is subjected to the loads P=

1600 kN and F= 800 kN, if AB= 8m and BC= 6m, resolve each load
into components normal and tangential to AC.
Free body diagram

PROBLEM 6
Find the resultant of the concurrent force system shown in

Figure.

PROBLEM 7
The resultant of the concurrent forces is 300 kN pointing up doing the Y answer.
Compute the value of F and θ require giving this resultant.

SECOND
MODULE
MOMENT OF A FORCE
Magnitude of the moment of a

force about an axis which is
perpendicular to a plane
containing the line of action of
the force.
d
23
VARIGNON’S THEOREM
Varignon’s theorem states that
the moment of a force is
equivalent to the sum of the
moments of its component.
Where = is the horizontal

component of the force F
= is the vertical component of
the force F.
d
24
PROBLEM 8
In figure assuming clockwise moments as positive, compute the moment of force F= 450 kN
and of force P= 361 kN about points A, B, C, and D

PROBLEM 9
Compute the horizontal component of the resultant force.

Compute the vertical component of the resultant force.
Compute the location of the resultant force from point A.

RESULTANT OF PARALLEL FORCES
A parallel force system is one in

which the action lines of all the
forces are parallel.
d
27
PROBLEM 10
A parallel force system acts on the level. Determine the

magnitude and position of the resultant from O.

PROBLEM 11
Find the value of P and F so that the four forces produce an

upward resultant of 300 KN acting at 4 meter from the left
end of the bar.

EQUILIBRIUM OF FORCE SYSTEMS
EQUILIBRIUM OF
CONCURRENT FORCES
The conditions of equilibrium
for concurrent force systems are
obtained by determining the
equations that produce a zero
resultant.
d
30
PROBLEM 12
The cable and boom shown in figure below support a load

of . Determine the tensile force in the cable and the
compressive force C in the boom.

PROBLEM 13
A cylinder weighing is held against a smooth incline by means

of the weightless rod . Determine the forces and exerted on
the cylinder by the rod and the inclined respectively.

CONDITION OF EQUILIBRIUM FROM
MOMENTS

Taking a moment sum about some
other point which is not on the line ,
assume that also equals zero.
The equivalent to and . They may be

used in place of or in
combination with these equations as
may be convenient, thus,
d
33
PROBLEM 14
The truss shown in figure below is supported by a hinge at and

a roller at . A load of is applied at . Determine the reactions at
and B.

PROBLEM 15
Two cylinders and weighing and respectively are connected

by a rigid rod curved parallel to the smooth cylindrical surface
shown. Determine the angle and that define the position of
equilibrium.

THIRD
MODULE
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
I. Statically Determinate Structures II. Statically Indeterminate

A statically determinate structure is Structure
one which the reactions, shear, and The analysis of a structure A statically indeterminate
moments can be determined by
applying the principle of static
is the process by which we structure is one in which the
reactions, shear and
equilibrium. determine how the loads moments cannot be
a) The summation of all the applied to a structure are determined by applying the
horizontal and vertical forces acting
upon a free body must equal zero.
distributed throughout the principle of static equilibrium.
Moment distribution must be
structure. employed using either the
b) The summation of the moments three-moment equation
of all the force acting a free body or the hardy-cross method.
about any point must equal zero.
STRUCTURAL
ANALYSIS
d
37
TYPES OF STRUCTURES
BEAM,
COLUMN, SUSPENSION ARCH RING
AND CABLE STRUCTURE. STRUCTURE.
FOOTING.
PLANE SPACE SPACE

PLANE FRAME FRAME TRUSS
TRUSS STRUCTURE STRUCTURE STRUCTURE
STATICS OF RIGID BODIES

d ENGR. LEANDRO T. SAAVEDRA
TYPES OF SUPPORTS
ROLLER HINGED
SUPPORT. SUPPORT FIXED SUPPORT.

CONSTRUCTION OF SIMPLE TRUSSES
RIGID FRAME NON-RIGID FRAME
the term rigid is used in the it will collapse as indicated

sense of having no deformation. under the action of the applied
forces..
d
40
ANALYSIS OF A PLANE TRUSS
In order to properly design the members and connections of a

truss, it is first necessary to be able to determine accurately the
internal force developed in each member when the truss is subjected
to external loads. In a truss analysis, the following assumptions must
be made:
1. The forces acting on the truss are concentrated and are applied at
the
joints only.
2. The weights of the members are neglected since the forces
supported by
the members are usually large in comparison with their weights.
3. The members are jointed together at the joints by frictionless pins.

TRUSS ANALYSIS BY METHOD OF
JOINTS
The method of joints in truss analysis is based on the
principle of equilibrium of any or all joints of a truss. The entire
truss being in equilibrium, each joint of the truss must also be
in equilibrium. Since it is known that the internal force in each
member of the truss is along the longitudinal axis of the
members, then the internal forces at each joint of the truss is a
system of concurrent and coplanar forces in equilibrium.
In the method of joints, the joint is isolated as a free
body and all external loads (applied loads and the support
reactions) acting on that joint are included in the force system.

JOINTS
The method of joints begins with the analysis of a joint
that is statically determinate. Since there are only two available
equilibrium equations per joint in the case of plane trusses
(i.e., summation of forces along the two perpendicular axes,
most conveniently and the ), a statically determinate joint has
only two unknown forces including those internal forcesof the
truss members themselves. As a general rule, one should start
at the joint with a known force (either an externally applied
load or a support reactioncomponent) and two unknown
member forces in the case of plane trusses.

SECTIONS
The method of joints learned in the preceding section for the
analysis of trusses becomes very useful if the force in each member of the
truss is the objective of the analysis. In some instances, however, only a few
members are interest to the analyst. In this case, the method of joints not
only becomes a lengthy process especially if the truss members of interest
require analysis of joints not directly related to them. The method proceeds
by passing an imaginary section through the members thus, cutting it into
two or more parts. The portion of the structure that is taken as a free body,
say the left portion, with all the forces to the left of the cutting plane and the
forces in members is in equilibrium. The equations of equilibrium applied
either to the left or right portion of the truss.

ACTIVITIES AND SAMPLE PROBLEMS
d
ACTIVITY
ONE
PROBLEM 1
For the force P in Fig. determine the components P1 and P2 if the

former is directed 80 deg from the horizontal and the latter 20 deg to
the same reference axis. Force P= 10kN is acting at a given angle of 60
deg from x axis using Vector Quantities (Triangle Law). FREE BODY DIAGRAM

PROBLEM 1 (SOLUTION)
For the force P in Fig. determine the components P1 and P2 if the former is directed 80 deg from the horizontal
and the latter 20 deg to the same reference axis. Force P= 10kN is acting at a given angle of 60 deg from x axis
using Vector Quantities (Triangle Law).

PROBLEM 2
The coplanar force system shown has a resultant of 400N acting in the direction toward a point with
coordinates (5,6). Determine the characteristics of the unknown force W.

The coplanar force system shown has a resultant of 400N acting in the direction toward a point with
coordinates (5,6). Determine the characteristics of the unknown force W.

ACTIVITY
TWO
Two horses on opposite banks of a canal pull a barge moving parallel to the banks by means of two horizontal ropes. The
tensions in these ropes are 200 KN and 240 KN while the angle between them is . Find the resultant pull on the barge and
the angle between each of the ropes and the sides of the canal..

Two horses on opposite banks of a canal pull a barge moving parallel to the banks by means of two
horizontal ropes. The tensions in these ropes are 200 KN and 240 KN while the angle between them is . Find
the resultant pull on the barge and the angle between each of the ropes and the sides of the canal..

PROBLEM 2
The block shown in figure is acted upon by its weight W = 200 KN, a horizontal forces Q = 600 KN and the
pressure P exerted by the inclined plane. The resultant R of these forces is up and parallel to the incline thereby
sliding the block up it. Determine P and R.

The block shown in figure

is acted upon by its
weight W = 200 KN, a
horizontal forces Q = 600
KN and the pressure P
exerted by the inclined
plane. The resultant R of
these forces is up and
parallel to the incline
thereby sliding the block
up it. Determine P and R.

ACTIVITY
THREE
PROBLEM 1
The cantilever truss shown in Figure below carries a vertical load of 2400 KN. The truss is supported by bearing
at A and B which exert the forces Ah, Av and Bh. The four forces shown constitute two couples which must
have opposite moment effects to prevent movement of the truss. Determine the magnitude of the supporting
forces.
FREE BODY DIAGRAM

The cantilever truss shown in Figure below carries a vertical load of 2400 KN. The truss is supported by bearing
at A and B which exert the forces Ah, Av and Bh. The four forces shown constitute two couples which must
have opposite moment effects to prevent movement of the truss. Determine the magnitude of the supporting
forces.

PROBLEM 2
Compute the resultant of the three forces shown in the figure. Locate its intersection with the and axes.

Compute the resultant of the three forces shown in the figure. Locate its intersection with the and axes.

SAMPLE
PROBLEMS
DURING
DISCUSSION
SAMPLE PROBLEM 1
FIND THE VALUE OF R AND D

SAMPLE PROBLEM 2

SAMPLE PROBLEM 3

SAMPLE PROBLEM 4
A system of cord knotted together at A and B, the weight shown in figure. Comoute the
tension P, Q, F, and T acting in the various cord.

SAMPLE PROBLEM 5
3 bars hinges at A and B and pinned at B and C as showned in figure. Determine the value
of P that will prevent motion.

SAMPLE PROBLEM 6
The upper beam in the figure is supported by a reaction R3 and a roller at A which separates the upper
and lower beam. Determine the value of the reactions (R1, R2, R3)

SAMPLE PROBLEM 6

SAMPLE PROBLEM 6

SAMPLE PROBLEM 7
Determine the reaction for the beam shown in the

figure. Determine the reaction at A and B

SAMPLE PROBLEM 8
Determine the reaction at A and B shown in the figure beam below.

SAMPLE PROBLEM 9
The Cantilever beam shown in the figure is built into a wall 2 meter thick so that it rest against point A and b. The
beam is 12 meters long and weights 100 KN/m. A concentrated load of 2000KN is applied at the free end.
Compute the reactions at A and B.

SAMPLE PROBLEM 10
If each pulley shown in the figure weights 36 N and W=720 N. Find P to maintain equilibrium.

SAMPLE PROBLEM 11
Determine the load P required to hold a bar AB in a horizontal position on smooth inclines shown in figure. Also
determine the reactions at A and B

SAMPLE PROBLEM 11

SAMPLE PROBLEM 11

SAMPLE PROBLEM 12
The uniform rod weighs 420 KN and has its center of gravity at G. Determine the tension in the cable and the
reactions at the smooth surface at A and B.

SAMPLE PROBLEM 11
The uniform rod weighs 420 KN and has its center of gravity at G. Determine the tension in the cable and the
reactions at the smooth surface at A and B.

SAMPLE PROBLEM 13
Compute the force in each member of the Howe roof truss in the figure.

SAMPLE PROBLEM 13

SAMPLE PROBLEM 13

SAMPLE PROBLEM 13
TOP CORD BOTTOM CORD MEMBER
AB 2100 KN (C) AC 1818.7 KN (T) BC 600 KN (T)
BD 1500 KN (C) CE 1818.7 KN (T) BE 600 KN (C)
DF 1500 KN (C) EG 1645.5 KN (T) ED 1500 KN (T)
FH 1900 KN (C) GH 1645.5 KN (T) FG 400 KN (C)
EF 400 KN (T)

THANK YOU

BSEE 201-B Instructor: Engr. Leandro T. Saavedra

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ENSC 23:

STATICS OF RIGID BODIES

dBSEE 201-B INSTRUCTOR: ENGR. LEANDRO T.

LIST OF • Created the PowerPoint

MEMBERS • Answered Activity 1 problem 1

• Answered Module 1( Problem 3)

LIST OF • Answered Module 2( Problem 10)

MEMBERS • Answered Activity 1 problem 2

• Answered Module 1( Problem 6)

LIST OF • Answered Module 2( Problem 8)

MEMBERS • Answered Sample problem 8

MEMBERS • Answered Sample problem 10

• Answered Module 1 ( Problem 2)

LIST OF • Answered Module 2 ( Problem 13)

MEMBERS • Answered Sample problem 5

LIST OF • Answered Module 1 ( Problem 7)

MEMBERS • Answered Sample problem 9

Two Branches of Solid Mechanics

dSTATICS OF RIGID BODIES ENGR. LEANDRO T. SAAVEDRA

forces (and forces couples) that Coplanar

are characterized by the position Spatial

and direction of the forces in the Non-Concurrent

dSTATICS OF RIGID BODIES ENGR. LEANDRO T. SAAVEDRA

Figure (a) Shows two position vectors, the magnitude in which

d STATICS OF RIGID BODIES 15

Determine the magnitude and direction of the resultant of the

d STATICS OF RIGID BODIES 16

A force of 200 KN is directed as shown in the figure. Determine X

d STATICS OF RIGID BODIES 17

Determine the x and y component of each of the following force

d STATICS OF RIGID BODIES 18

The triangular block shown in Figure 206 is subjected to the loads P=

Free body diagram

d STATICS OF RIGID BODIES 19

Find the resultant of the concurrent force system shown in

d STATICS OF RIGID BODIES 20

d STATICS OF RIGID BODIES 21

Magnitude of the moment of a

Where = is the horizontal

d STATICS OF RIGID BODIES 25

Compute the horizontal component of the resultant force.

d STATICS OF RIGID BODIES 26

A parallel force system is one in

A parallel force system acts on the level. Determine the

d STATICS OF RIGID BODIES 28

Find the value of P and F so that the four forces produce an

d STATICS OF RIGID BODIES 29

The cable and boom shown in figure below support a load

d STATICS OF RIGID BODIES 31

A cylinder weighing is held against a smooth incline by means

d STATICS OF RIGID BODIES 32

The equivalent to and . They may be

The truss shown in figure below is supported by a hinge at and

d STATICS OF RIGID BODIES 34

Two cylinders and weighing and respectively are connected

d STATICS OF RIGID BODIES 35

I. Statically Determinate Structures II. Statically Indeterminate

PLANE SPACE SPACE

STATICS OF RIGID BODIES

dSTATICS OF RIGID BODIES ENGR. LEANDRO T. SAAVEDRA

RIGID FRAME NON-RIGID FRAME

the term rigid is used in the it will collapse as indicated

In order to properly design the members and connections of a