Absolute Value

The set of positive integers, their opposites, and zero are included in the
set of integers, which is also known as signed numbers. Let us illustrate
integers using number line.
 Let’s Recall
Activity 1: Let’s Do the Opposites
Direction: Complete the table below.

Representatio
Representatio
n of the
Statement n of Opposite of the Statements
Opposite
Statements
Statements
Jogging 17 km east + 17 Jogging 17 km west - 17
Deposit of Php 1, 500 + 1, 500 Withdrawal of Php 1, 500 - 1, 500
Step backward 10 times - 10 Step forward 10 times + 10
44, 000 ft. above the 44, 000 ft. below the
+ 44, 000 - 44, 000
sea level sea level
  9 below zero -9   9 above zero +9
1. What do you call the opposite of a number?
2. What can you say about the distance of opposite numbers from
0?

The opposite of a number is also called its additive inverse. So, the additive
inverse of 7 is ─7.
The opposite of ─17 is 17. Opposite numbers have the same distance but
different signs.
 Activity 2: Find Me!

Direction: Determine the distance of the following:

A B 0 D E

Point A from 0 7 Point B from 0 4

Point A to Point B 3 Point B and E 12

Point B to D 7
 Absolute Value of a Number
The absolute value of a number is the distance
between that number and zero on the number line.
It is denoted by two bars.

 
.
 Example:
Find the absolute value of each number

|14| 14 |-33| 33
|0| 0 |-57| 57
|11| 11 |-17| 17
Addition of Integers
 Adding Integers using Counters

• White Chips are Positive (+)

• Red Chips are Negative (─)

+ ─
• This is called a “Zero Pair” because added together they
make zero!

+ ─

• We can use these to add integers.

 Let’s Try:
5+2=?
5 Positives + 2 Positives

+ + + +
+ +
+ 5+2=7
 Let’s Try:
-4 + (-1) = ?
4 Negatives + 1 Negative

─ ─ ─
─ ─
-4 +(-1) = -5
 Let’s Try:
-5 + 3 = ?
5 Negatives + 3 Positives

─ ─ +
-5 ++3 = -2
─ ─ +
─
 Let’s Try:
6 + (-2) = ?
6 Positives + 2 Negatives

+ + + ─

+ + + 6─+ (-2) = 4
 Adding Integers on a Number Line

When adding a positive number, move to the right on

the number line.

When adding a negative number, move to the left on

the number line.
 Let’s Try:
–2 + 5 = 3
 Let’s Try:
–3 + (-4) = -7
 Let’s Try:
5 + (-7) = -2
 Adding Signed Numbers Rule

Rule no.
Rule 1 no.
no.
Rule 2 3
IfIfboth
Ifboth
are
theyare
Positive:
Negative:
they have diff signs:
Subtract
Add
Add andthe
and theabsolute
the sum values,
sum isis and the sum will
positive.
negative.
have the sign of the larger absolute value.

Ex.-88 -10
Ex.
Ex. 4 += 412
+ (-4) ==-12
-5
 Let’s Try:

7+5 13

-3 + (-5) -8

7 + (-4) 3
Subtraction of Integers
 Subtracting Integers on a Number Line

Move left on a number line to subtract a positive

integer.

Move right on a number line to subtract a negative

integer.
 Example 1: 4–6

(–6)
4
–3 –2 –1 0 1 2
3 4 5
4 – 6 = –2
 Example 2: 3 – (–3)

–(–3)
3
–1 0 1 2 3 4 5
6 7
3 – (–3) = 6
 Example 3: 2 – (–5)

– (–5)
2
–1 0 1 2 3 4 5
6 7
2 – (–5) = 7
 Example 4: 3 –6
(–6)
3

–3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3
4 5
3 – 6 = –3
 3 Steps to Subtract Integers
• Keep
– Keep the 1st number
• Change
– Subtraction sign to Addition
• Opposite
– Write down the opposite of the 2nd number
• Follow the rule of addition of integers
 SOLVE: -10 - 14 =

Keep Change
Opposite
-10 - -14 = -24
Now follow the adding
integers rules.
 SOLVE: 10 - (-14) =

Keep Change
Opposite
10 - - 14 = 24
Now follow the adding
integers rules.
 SOLVE: 12 - (-7)=

Keep Change
Opposite
12 - - 7 = 19
Now follow the adding
integers rules.
 SOLVE: -16 - 11 =

Keep Change
Opposite
-16 - - 11 = -27
Now follow the adding
integers rules.