INTRODUCTION

TO THE
PHILOSOPHY
-The word philosophy comes from the Greek
word, philo meaning “to love”, and sophia,
meaning “wisdom”. Philosophy originally meant
“love of wisdom” and in a broad sense wisdom
is still the goal of philosophy.

-Philosophy is also define as the science that by

natural light of reason studies the first causes or
highest principles of all things.
-it is called science because the investigation is
systematic. It follows certain steps or it employs certain
procedures. In other words, it is an organized body of
knowledge just like other sciences.

-Philosophy investigates things, not by using any other

laboratory equipment of investigative tools, neither on
the basis of supernatural revelation, otherwise it
becomes theology, instead, the philosopher uses his
natural capacity to think or simply, human reason alone,
or the so called unaided reason.

-this set the distinction between philosophy and

other sciences.
• Principle of Identity – whatever is is;
whatever is not is not; everything is what it is.
Everything is its own being, and not being is
not being.
• Principle of Non-Contradiction – it is
impossible for a thing to be and not to be at the
same time, and at the same respect.
• Principle of Excluded Middle – a thing is
either is or is not; everything must either be or
not be; between being or not being, their is no
middle ground.
• Principle of Sufficient Reason – nothing exist
without a sufficient for its being and existing.
• In attaining wisdom, there is a need for
Emptying.
THE BRANCHES
OF
PHILOSOPHY
-is the branch of philosophy which deals with
knowledge and knowing. In studying knowledge, the
philosopher concerns himself with questions about
truth, about whether it is even possible to know what is
true.

-is generally a study of the nature of moral judgments.

-we’re interested in how to live and act as a member of

a society, as relational beings.
-(literally, “what is beyond physics or nature”) deals
with the nature of the world and everything that exists.

-It is comes from the Greek word logike and was

coined by Zeno, the Stoic (c.340-265BC).
-Etymologically, it means a treatise on matters
pertaining to the human thought.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2z0ZSXNaluk&t=0s

-Is the science of the beautiful in its various

manifestation -including the sublime, comic, tragic,
pathetic and ugly.
1. What is the Importance of knowing the
branches of Philosophy?
2. How do you define Happiness? Share your
own experience.
3. What is your point of views about what is
“right” or “wrong”.? Share your experience
-each student will answer the question given by a
teacher through a short video clip. The class and the
teacher will select the individual who has the best
answer.
Question:
what virtues do you value most? Wisdom?
Honesty? Open-mindedness? Beauty? And
Why ?