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Lesson 1

INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER

Subject: COMPUTER 7
Teacher: Mrs. Marie Liza Maderse-Rodinas
Title: Computer Fundamentals with Office Applications
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COMPUTER TERMS:

Computer - is a device capable of performing mathematical

and logical operations that stores, correlates and
processes information very fast.
 
Data - is a fact and statistics collected together for reference.
It is an information processed or stored by a computer in
text, documents, images, audio clips, software programs or
other types of data.
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COMPUTER TERMS:

Information - is a fact provided or learned about something.

It represents values attributed to parameters and knowledge
signifies understanding of real things or abstract concepts.
 
Computer network - a telecommunication network that
allows computer to exchange data using cable media or
wireless media, example is the internet.
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HOW COMPUTERS WORK?

FUNCTIONS OF A COMPUTER
1.INPUT – is the stage wherein the data is entered and converted to a
form easily understood by the computer.
2.STORAGE – it has the role of storing and keeping the data in a
computer.
3.PROCESS – pertains to the operations and activities performed by
the computer in order to arrive at the desired results.
4.OUTPUT – it is the processed data and usually in human readable
form.
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CHARACTERISTICS OF A COMPUTER

SPEED
ACCURACY
DILIGENCE
STORAGE CAPABILITY
VERSATILITY
POWER OF REMEMBERING
NO IQ
NO FEELINGS
  
CAPABILITIES OF COMPUTER 6

1.The computer processes information very fast.

2.The computer gives accurate results.
3.The computer stores data.
4.The computer enables one to restore or bring back any of
its work.
5.The computer is automatic.
6.The computer can do two things at the same time.
  
LIMITATIONS OF COMPUTER 7

1.The computer can only do what you tell it to do.

2.The information cannot be generated on its own.
3.The computer will give you wrong information if you
feed it with wrong data.
4.The computer cannot correct wrong instruction.
 
  
USES OF COMPUTER 8

 Personal computing  Artificial intelligence

 Science and research  Communication
 Information system/data processing  Home
 Medicine  Entertainment
 Education  Business
  
HISTORY OF COMPUTERS 9

Pre History Era

ABACUS – is a simple calculating

machine invented in China. It
improved man’s computing using
fingers and toes to pebbles and
sticks for much easier mathematical
calculations.
  
HISTORY OF COMPUTERS 10

JOHN NAPIER – is a Scottish mathematician who invented a tool

made up of multiplication tables inscribed in a wood or bone. The
invention is called a Napier’s bone.
  
HISTORY OF COMPUTERS 11

BLAISE PASCAL – is a French mathematician who invented the first

operational calculating machine called Pascal’s Adding Machine. It
is capable of adding large sums of money.
  
HISTORY OF COMPUTERS 12

CHARLES BABBAGE – the “Father of Computer” and a British mathematician and

inventor who developed the sophisticated Analytical engine. It is used to
perform calculations, store data in the memory and performs logical
comparisons and in originating the concept of a programmable computer.
  
HISTORY OF COMPUTERS 13

AUGUSTA ADA BYRON known as Countess of Lovelace – is an English

Mathematician, has been called the “World’s first lady computer
programmer” for writing an algorithm for a computing machine in the
mid -1800s.
  
HISTORY OF COMPUTERS 14

HERMAN HOLLERITH – is an American inventor who developed an

automatic machine called Hollerith’s tabulating machine which is
capable or representing data, reading and assembling then using
Jacquard’s punch card.
  
HISTORY OF COMPUTERS 15

HOWARD AIKEN – a graduate of Harvard University, who developed

the first digital computer known as Mark 1. This machine was
described as a” roomful of ladies knitting” because it was made up of
switches, relates, rotating shafts and clutches. It could perform
different calculations under the guidance of a single control unit.
  
COMPUTER TIMELINE 16
  
COMPUTER TIMELINE 17
  
COMPUTER TIMELINE 18
  
ACRONYMS: 19

ENIAC – Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer

UNIVAC – Universal Automatic Computer
ERMA – Electronic Recording Machine Accounting
ARPAnet– Advance Research Project Agency Network
MICR –Magnetic Ink Character Recognition
IC – Integrated Circuit
GUI – Graphical User Interface
MS-DOS – Microsoft Disc Operating System
IBM – International Business Machine
 COMPUTER GENERATIONS 20

FIRST GENERATION COMPUTERS (1930-1948) - vacuum

tubes
Big or bulky
High electricity consumption
Lot electricity failure occurred
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SECOND GENERATION COMPUTERS (1948-1958) - transistors

 Faster than first generation computers
 First operating system developed
 Machine language and assembly language
 Used of magnetic tapes and discs
 Computers became smaller in size
 Computers consumed less electricity
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THIRD GENERATION COMPUTERS

(1958-1971) - integrated circuits
power consumption was low
high level languages were used
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FOURTH GENERATION COMPUTERS (1971-Present) - microprocessors

 development of the portable computers
 development of programming languages such as COBOL, PASCAL, C
language
 used in virtual reality, multimedia, simulation
 very high speed and storage capacity
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FIFTH GENERATION COMPUTERS (Present and Beyond) - Artificial

Intelligence/Robotics
 human intelligence
 natural language
 voice/speech recognition
 used superconductors
 used in parallel processing
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