Organic Chemistry

• James Vincent S. Ibuos| Antonette Franke| Saint Tonis College Inc.,

 What is Organic Chemistry?

• It is the chemistry sub discipline involving the study of the nomenclature, structure,
properties and reactions of organic molecules and materials.

• An organic molecule is almost any molecule containing C and H atoms.

• Example: methane, DNA, urea, DDT (insecticide), penicillin, nicotine, aspirin, and etc.

• Carbon forms 4 covalent bonds (single, double, triple, or tetrahdral)

• Hydrocarbon-contains only H and C atoms.

 Why Organic Chemistry Important?

Organic chemistry is important because it is the study of life and all of the chemical
reactions related to life. Several careers apply an understanding of organic chemistry,
such as doctors, veterinarians, dentists, pharmacologists, chemical engineers, and
chemists.

Specialized field of chemistry called organic chemistry, which derives its name from
the fact that in the 19th century most of the then-known carbon compounds were
considered to have originated in living organisms.

How does organic chemistry apply to everyday life? Examples include gasoline,
plastics, detergents, dyes, food additives, natural gas, and medicines. Although both
are used for cleaning, soap and detergent are two different examples of organic
chemistry. The cosmetics industry is a lucrative sector of organic chemistry.
 What is Carboxylic Acid?

• Carboxylic acids or organic acids are the compounds containing in the molecule the
carboxyl functional group attached to the hydrocarbon radical. They are largely
distributed in nature and are intermediates in the degradation pathways of amino
acids, fats, and carbohydrates.

• Carboxylic acids and their derivatives are used in the production of polymers,
biopolymers, coatings, adhesives, and pharmaceutical drugs. They also can be used
as solvents, food additives, antimicrobials, and flavorings.

• Carboxylic acids also play significant roles in the medicinal fields. Since organic acids
are intermediate metabolites of all major groups of organic cellular components, it has
been repeatedly proven that their presence in excess in various fluids of the human
body is linked to the manifestation of certain diseases. 
Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids
 What is Aldehyde?

• Aldehydes and ketones are polar compounds and interact in the pure state by dipole-
dipole interactions.

• They are highly reactive compounds.

• They have higher boiling points are more soluble in water than nonpolar compounds of
comparable molecular weight.

• As the molar mass increases solubility decreases.

•  Ketone is a functional group with the structure R2C=O, where R can be a variety of
carbon-containing substituents. Ketones contain a carbonyl group (a carbon-oxygen
double bond). The simplest ketone is acetone (R = R' = methyl), with the formula
CH3C(O)CH3.
What is ether?
 References

• https://www.google.com/search?q=reactions+of+ester&tbm

• https://slideplayer.com/slide/15493200/

• https://www.google.com/search?q=reactions+of+aldehydes+and+ketones

• https://www.google.com/search?q=nomenclature+of+ketones&tbm=isch&ved

• https://www.google.com/search?q=nomenclature+of+aldehydes&tbm=isch&ved

• https://www.google.com/search?q=physical+properties+of+ether&tbm=isch&ved

• https://www.google.com/search?q=physical+properties+of+ether&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiW

• https://www.google.com/search?q=what+is+ether&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwj6mpqbiOHuAh
 References

• https://www.google.com/search?q=what+is+esters&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjR9OPnh-HuAh

• https://www.google.com/search?q=what+is+ether&hl=en&sxsrf=ALeKk034eSTt83Gm19256