TKT:KAL

PART 1: LEXIS
UNIT 3: Word
Formation
Learning outcomes:
 Acquire/Reviseyour knowledge of how
some words can be formed from others
and how a words form affects its
meaning and shows its part of speech
and key terms used to describe these
topics.

 Complete a TKT:KAL exam style

question to practice this knowledge
What do you understand by
the term ‘Word Formation’?
 What is a MORPHEME?
It is the smallest unit that has meaning in a
language!
Exercise 1
 How many morphemes are there in the words
below? Which are free? Which are bound?

 1. Unattractive.
 2. Midday
 3. Movement
 4. Teachers
Exercise 2
 How do the morphemes in exercise one
change the words attract, day, move and
teach?
 What do we call morphemes added to the
beginning of words?
 Prefixes
 What do we call morphemes added to the
ends of words?
 Suffixes
 What are they both examples of?
 Affixes
 What do we call the process of adding them?
 Affixation
Exercise 3:
Verb Noun Adjective Negative prefix
+adjective
employ

possible impossible

depend

economy

record
Verb Noun Adjective Negative prefix
+adjective
employ employee employed unemployed
employment employable unemployable
employer
possibility Possible impossible
depend dependant dependent independent
dependable
economy economic(al) uneconomic(al)
economics
Record (2nd) record (1st) recordable non-recordable
recorded unrecorded
record
Exercise 4:
 Look at the words below. How has the
spelling changed from the base word in
brackets and why?

 1. (happy) Happiness
 2. (advise) advisable
 3. (complete) Completely
Spelling Rules!!
What are Word Families?
What is the Root Word or Base Word of a Word
Family?
Exercise 5:
 Write the word families for the words below.
Use a dictionary if necessary.

 1. Believe
 2. Create
Verb Noun Adjective Negative
prefix
+adjective
Believe Believer Believable Unbelievable
Belief
Create Creation Creative Uncreative
Creator
Compounds
Exercise 6
 Look at 1-4 in the table below. How many
words are in each?

Number of Words
1. Ice-cream
2. Nice-Looking
3. Dry-Clean
4. Homework
Exercise 7: Complete the table below
Compound Pattern Examples
noun+ noun
Noun+ adjective
Verb + Particle
Adjective + Verb
Adjective/adverb + present/past
participle
Preposition + preposition
Abbreviations and
Acronyms
Exercise 7:
 What is the full form of the words below?

 1. Wasn’t
 2. DVD
 3. Advert
 4. RAM
Which is an example of…
A contraction?

 An Acronym?

 An Initialism?
Any questions?
Lets try some activities…