19th Century

Philippines
By: Ericka Del Rosario BSIT-3
Julz Michael Escobar BSIT-3
The Filipinos in the 19th century had
suffered from feudalistic and master slave
relationship by the Spaniards. The
Spaniards claimed their taxes and they worked
under the power of the Spaniards. They wasted
the money of the Filipinos.
 Social Structure

Philippines society was feudalistic as a

consequences of the economic system imposed
by the spaniards. The social structure is ranked
into three classes which are the highest class,
middle class and the lower class.
1. Highest class - have the power and
authority to rule over the Filipinos. 
2. Middles class - It belongs a native
Filipino.
3. Lowest class - It includes the
Filipinos only.
Political System
During the 19th century , the Alcalde
is considered most corrupt. The Alcalde
includes the judges, administrator and
military commandant. They take a certain
percentage of money from the total
amount of taxes.
1.Liberalism-­ is a political
philosophy based on belief in
progress, the essential
goodness of human race, and
the autonomy of individual
and standing for the
protection of political and civil
liberties.
These political thoughts and liberal ideas
encouraged and stimulated the Ilustrados
to studies abroad, to study the liberal
ideas and political system in Europe
that later on were applied to gain the
independence of the country.
The Spanish officials traveled to various
Places, the needs and want of
the Philippines were ignored. They did
not put too much attention to
the needs of the other people.
The Spanish official are irresponsible.
1.End of Galleon Trade

The early inhabitants of the

archipelago were already trading
with the Chinese, Japanese and etc
even before the coming of the
Spaniards.  When Spain colonized
the Philippines in 1565, the trading
with these people were cut off.
 Economic System

During the 19th century, the Philippines

economic condition gave rise to Haciendas
or the cash-crop economy.  The Philippines
became a major exporter of these products
and became well-known in other parts of the
world.
1.End of Galleon Trade

The early inhabitants of the archipelago were

already trading with the Chinese, Japanese and
etc even before the coming of the Spaniards.
 When Spain colonized the Philippines in 1565,
the trading with these people were cut off.
2. Opening of Suez Canal.

 It is an artificial sea-level waterway

system in Egypt. It connects the Red
Sea and Mediterranean Sea. It was
Constructed by a French Company, Suez
Canal Company and engineered by
Ferdinand de Lesseps in 1859.
3.Rise of Export of Crop

Economy Most of the Spaniards were

engrossed to maritime trading, but after
the end of the Galleon Trade, they started
to exploit the natural resources of the
country. Export crop economy made its
way in the nineteenth century.
4.Monopolies

The post-galleon era had created another

source of income, the trading monopoly.
Spanish colonists were very eager to collect
huge revenues, that for the first time
opened the government monopoly contracts
to foreigners in the 1850s
 Educational System

The Spanish offered the Europian

system of education to the country.
The School run by Catholic
missionaries. To convert the natives
to Christianity religion was made a
compulsory subject at all levels
Lot of criticisms received in
the educational system of the
Philippines
in 19th Century.
1. Overemphasis on religious
matters
2. Obsolete teaching methods
3. Limited curriculum
4. Poor classroom facilities
5. Absence of teaching materials
6. Primary education was neglected
7. Absence of academic freedom
8.Prejudice against Filipinos in the schools
of higher learning
9. Friar control over the system
In the middle of the 19th century ,
a royal Degree of 1863 order the
establishment of public schools
in the country. The government
officials in the country run the
schools.
Why do you think we need to
study Rizal based on 19th century 
context?

Rizal belonged to the 19th century Philippines is still

under the colony of Spain. The Philippines was the
largest. In terms of natural of natural resources and
trade potential the Philippines was the richest.
That’s All