MORPHOLOGY AND SYNTAX

GROUP
3
Lecturers:
Trình Thị Giang Thanh
 WORD-
FORMATION
PROCESSES
PHAN ĐÌNH NGUYỄN THỊ PHẠM TRẦN THƯỢNG TRẦN THỊ
LÊ MỸ HUỆ
KHÔI THU HẰNG NGỌC DIỆP THANH DUYÊN QUẾ TRÂN

GROUP MEMBERS
 WORD- 3.2.1. COINAGE

3.2.2. BORROWING
FORMATION 3.2.3. BLENDING

PROCESSES 3.2.4. CLIPPING

 3.2.1.
COINAGE
 DEFINITION
COINAGE

COINAGE IS THE
CREATION OF TOTALLY
NEW WORDS
 Inventing names for
new products
THERE ARE
3 WAYS Using specific brand names
TOTAL TO as the generic name for
CREATE A different brands of these
types of products
NEW WORD
Changing proper names
of individuals or places to
INVENTING NAMES FOR NEW PRODUCTS

NILON ASPIRIN
 USING SPECIFICBRAND NAMES AS THE
GENERIC NAME FOR DIFFERENT BRANDS OF
THESE TYPES OF PRODUCTS
CHANGING PROPER NAMES OF INDIVIDUALS
OR PLACES TO COMMON NOUNS

Vancouver city in
Canada was named
after a British naval-
captain George
Vancouver
CHANGING PROPER NAMES OF INDIVIDUALS
OR PLACES TO COMMON NOUNS

The saxophone,
people also call it sax
because the person
invented it’s name
Adolphe Sax
 3.2.2.
BORROWING
 DEFINITION
BORROWING
BORROWING IS THE PROCESS
BY WHICH WORDS IN A
LANGUAGE ARE BORROWED
FROM ANOTHER
ENGLISH WORDS THAT WERE BORROWED FROM FRENCH

Ballet Genre
ENGLISH WORDS THAT WERE BORROWED FROM GERMAN

Rucksack Kindergarten
ENGLISH WORDS THAT WERE BORROWED FROM SPANISH

Plaza Macho
ENGLISH WORDS THAT WERE BORROWED FROM JAPANESE

Tofu Ninja
 3.2.3.
BLENDING
 DEFINITION
BLENDING
BLENDING IS THE FUSION OF
TWO WORDS INTO ONE,
USUALLY THE FIRST PART OF
ONE WORD WITH THE LAST
PART OF ANOTHER
 EXAMPLE

“sm” ( smoke) + “og” ( frog) -> smog

“ch”( the English channel) + “unnel” -> chunnel

SOME OTHER BLENDS

Smaze= smoke + haze Slanguage= slang +

Motel= motor (motorist’s) language
+ hotel Chortle= chuckle + snort
Frenglish = French + Glumph= gallop + triumph
English Slithy= lithe +slimy
 3.2.4.
CLIPPING
 DEFINITION
BORROWING
CLIPPING IS THE PROCESS OF
CUTTING OFF THE
BEGINNING OR THE END OF
A WORD, OR BOTH, LEAVING
A PART TO STAND FOR THE
FULL FORM
 BACK-
CLIPPING
THERE ARE

3 TYPES FORE-
OF CLIPPING
CLIPPING
MIDDLE-
CLIPPING
 BACK-CLIPPING

The beginning, mostly the first

syllable, of a word is kept and the end
of the word is deleted
 BACK-CLIPPING
Exam (from Examination) Ad or advert (from Advertisement)

Fan (from Fanatic) Lab (from Laboratory) Dorm (from Dormitory)

 FORE-CLIPPING

The first part of a word is

cut off
 BACK-CLIPPING
Bus (from Omnibus)

Plane (from Airplane) Phone (from Telephone)

 MIDDLE-CLIPPING

Two words have been

clipped at both ends
 MIDDLE-CLIPPING
Flu (from Influenza) Fridge (from Refrigerator)

Jams (from Pyjamas) Tec (from Detective)

CONCLUSION
3.2.1. COINAGE

3.2.2. BORROWING

3.2.3. BLENDING

3.2.4. CLIPPING
 CONCLUSION
PROCESS DEFINITION EXAMPLES CHARACTERISTICS

is the creation of totally new is one of the most uncommon

Nylon, Dior, Vancouver,
words process of word formation
Coinage
etc…

is the process by which is one of the most common

Ballet, macho, ninja,
words in a language are processes in word formation
Borrowing
borrowed from another etc…

seem to be on the rise in number,

is the fusion of two words
Smog, chunnel, etc… especially in terminology and also
Blending
into one in trade advertisement

is the process of cutting off are usually used in casual speech

Clipping parts of a word, leaving a Bus, plane, flu, etc… rather than in writing or formal
part to stand for the full form speech
THANKS FOR LISTENING!!!