Selection and Use of Instructional Materials

Selection and Use of Instructional Materials

What are Instructional Materials?

Instructional Materials (IM) improve student knowledge, abilities and overall development. It helps to
clarify and enlighten students about concepts that will stimulate and sustain their interest for new
learning.

Simply, any resource that can aid you in teaching students is an Instructional Material.

As educators, we should know how to select and use Instructional Materials which are crucial if we
want to significantly increase student learning and help them achieve their academic goals.
 Selection and Use of Instructional Materials

Instructional materials should be appropriate for the age, emotional and social development, and
ability level of the students for whom the materials are selected. c. Instructional materials should be
diverse with respect to levels of difficulty, reader appeal, and should present a variety of points of
view.

What is the importance of selecting Instructional Materials?

Instructional materials are essential since they help the teacher and learners avoid overemphasis on
recitation and rote learning that can easily dominate a lesson. Resource materials allow learners to
have practical experiences which help them to develop skills and concepts and to work in a variety of
ways.
 Selection and Use of Instructional Materials

The Importance of Learning Materials

Engaging activities that stimulate active learning is proven to be the best method teachers use to
provide a long-term understanding, especially with global learning.

Using appealing learning materials to make the students attentive to the lesson is a time spent in
school more valued. 

Learning materials can significantly increase learners' achievement by supporting learning. This

process aids in the learning process by allowing the learner to explore the knowledge independently
as well as providing repetition. Learning materials, regardless of what kind, all have some function in
student learning.
 Selection and Use of Instructional Materials

TYPES OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

TEXTBOOK - Main reference for the entire course. Contains readings, teaching points, drills, activities,
and tasks for every day lessons.
WORKBOOK/ SKILLBOOK - Provides exercises and drills on specific skills. Presents reinforcement and
remedial activities to support lessons in the textbooks.
TEACHER’S MANUAL/ GUIDE - Contains a detailed rationale for textbook. Includes introductory notes
on how to use the textbooks, specific objectives for each lessons and suggested strategies for teaching
the lessons.
WORKTEXT - Combines the features of the textbooks and workbooks. Provides teaching points like
those in the textbook
 Selection and Use of Instructional Materials

TYPES OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS (continued)

MODULE and SELF- LEARNING KIT (SLK) -More interactive than the other types of written manuals
that appear in the workbook. Develops independent study through self-paced instruction.
REFERENCE BOOK - Provides general information on various topics. These include encyclopedia,
dictionary, atlas, manuals.
MULTIMEDIA INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS - Audio and visual materials accessible through various
media like radio, television, and the computer.
 Selection and Use of Instructional Materials

What are traditional teaching aids?

Blackboards/ Whiteboards
Text books/ Dictionaries/ Other reading materials and references
Charts, pictures and posters
Maps, Atlases and globes
Flashcards, flip cards and worksheets
Scientific apparatus, materials and models used in classrooms and science labs
Dramatization and plays
Toys and other objects.
 Selection and Use of Instructional Materials

What are modern teaching aids?

Computer as a tool in modern teaching

Role of PowerPoint slides and games in modern classrooms
Interactive electronic white board as a tool in modern teaching
Overhead projectors and slide projectors, Projector screens, VCRs, VCPs, DVD players etc.
Online dictionaries and Educational DVD
 Selection and Use of Instructional Materials

FACTORS AFFECTING MATERIALS PREPARATION

The curriculum, syllabus, and the learning competencies - Learning competencies are the main ideas
or skills you expect students to master. Competencies are combinations of attitudes, skills and
knowledge that students develop and apply for successful learning, living and working.

Learners’ learning styles, aptitudes, proficiency - The four core learning styles include visual,
auditory, reading and writing, and kinesthetic. The level of intellect and learning skill may also factor in
materials preparation as well as the documented evidence (grades, test etc.) that a student has met
the required level of skill and knowledge set by benchmarks.
 Selection and Use of Instructional Materials

FACTORS AFFECTING MATERIALS PREPARATION (continued)

Pedagogical principles held by the teachers - the teaching style and theories held by the teacher will
have a factor in how he/she prepares and selects instructional materials.

Societal demands - Selection of instructional materials can be influenced by societal demands to

which Holistic education and well-being. To enable children, young people as well as adults to
empower themselves and be self-responsible persons who take responsibility for their society; To
promote human welfare and prevent or ease social problems.
 Selection and Use of Instructional Materials

General Principles in the Use of Instructional Materials

All instructional materials are aids to instruction. They do not replace the teacher.
Choose the instructional material that best suits your instructional objectives.
If possible, use a variety of tools. (videos, computers, overheads and the chalkboard)
Check out your instructional material before class starts to be sure it is working properly.
 Selection and Use of Instructional Materials

Utilization Guide 

Learn how to use the instructional material. Before using it, make sure you know how to manipulate it
to obtain the desired product. Listen to the record or view the film ahead. Check the correct size and
complete parts of real objects, photographs or models to be presented.
Prepare introductory remarks, questions or initial comments you may need.
Provide a conducive environment. Arrange the chairs, tables and equipment, and materials. Provide
sufficient lighting and ventilation.
 Selection and Use of Instructional Materials

Utilization Guide (continued)

Explain the objectives of the lesson.

Stress what is to be watched or listened to carefully.
State what they will be expected to do with the information they will learn. Discussion or a test may
follow.
There is a need to summarize or review the experience. Prepare measures that can assess their gains
based on the objectives.
 Selection and Use of Instructional Materials

PPPF by Hayden Smith and Thomas Nagel (1972)

According to Hayden Smith and Thomas Nagel, to ensure effective utilization of the instructional
material, they advised us to abide by the acronym PPPF:

Prepare yourself - It simply means that you should know your lesson objective and your expectation
from the class after the session.
Prepare your students - It implies setting class expectation and learning goals. This comes by asking
them guide questions and motivating them as a way of keeping them interested and engaged.
Present the material - It means you should rehearse first the materials you are going to use before
presenting them to the class.
Follow Up - The main function of using instructional material is to achieve an objective and that is
ultimately the learning of the students. there is a need for follow up to know if you have attained your
objective
 Selection and Use of Instructional Materials

The materials we select must:

Give a true picture of the ideas they present.

Contribute to the attainment of the learning objective
Be appropriate to the age, intelligence and experience of the learners.
Be good and satisfactory condition
Provide for a teacher’s guide
Help develop the critical and creative thinking powers of the student
Be worth the time, expense and effort involved.
 Selection and Use of Instructional Materials

How Can We Learn About Materials?

There are various ways to get information about textbooks and other teaching materials. Many
materials are published by publishers and developed and distributed by commercial companies.
Bookstores that carry textbooks are another possible source of information.
Colleagues and friends who are teachers are also good sources of recommendations of textbooks and
advice about how to best use them.
Finally, there is information from computer mailing lists and web pages on the Internet. Many
publishers have web pages and e-mail addresses, so you can check with them and also ask questions
about the materials.
 Selection and Use of Instructional Materials

How Do We Get Materials?

In addition to publishers, there are many possible sources of materials. There is a lot of material
available on the Internet. You can search for materials when you have free time, and store them for
your future classes.
TV and radio are good sources. They provide a variety of materials. The information is current and the
language is natural, but the content has to be chosen carefully.
Newspapers, magazines, advertisements, and other types of printed material are very useful.
Teachers can take photos, make video tapes or record audio tapes.
 Selection and Use of Instructional Materials

Using engaging learning materials in teaching:

Makes concepts easier to understand

Applying the idea that the students learned in school to a real situation is the best outcome their
learning could achieve. In studying a different culture, the students can acquire an open mind and
apply this skill outside of school that will provide them with a better outlook on life.

Increases Motivation

There is no learning when motivation is lacking. The usual setup of the teacher talking in front and the
students passively listening can make their interest in the lesson plummet. Motivating students by
employing learning materials and combining it with interesting tasks will keep the them interested in
the subject.
 Selection and Use of Instructional Materials

Using engaging learning materials in teaching (continued):

Easiest to Learn

Making the content more relevant and engaging will make learning more relaxed and simple. Flashy
presentations, humor and games can attract their interest and this will allow the teacher to tap into the
cognitive need of the learner to make sense of the topic.

Promotes Critical and Creative Thinking

Since the use of learning tools promotes active learning, the students will acquire skills to analyze,
combine and apply the material. It will help develop their logical reasoning and creative thinking
because the teachers are allowing them to have a more active role in the learning process.
 Selection and Use of Instructional Materials

Using engaging learning materials in teaching (continued):

Makes Learning Fun

Students will look forward to teachers who produce engaging content. Study time can also be play time
while learning. By providing a realistic experience to them in a classroom setting, learners get an
inspiring and joyful experience they can only acquire from school. The usual setup of fun learning is
when most of the students are actively participating in an activity.
References
https://www.slideshare.net/JohnChristianDelosReyes/engl-115

https://www.urbandaleschools.com/

https://sphero.com/blogs/news/learning-styles-for-kids

https://www.renaissance.com/edwords/proficiency/#:~:text=Proficiency%3A%20You%20have%20it%2C%20or,do%20meet%20the%20required%20level .

https://www.elcomblus.com/principles-in-the-selection-and-use-of-instructional-materials/

https://www.primary-school-resources.com/the-importance-of-learning-materials-for-global-learning/

http://iteslj.org/Articles/Kitao-Materials.html

https://www.pressreader.com/foryou