Tabaco smoking

Year 13B
Lluís, Yuan, Pedro, julia
 Effects of tar
Addictive compound

Lung cancer

Index
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease)

Short term effect of nicotine & carbon

monoxide
 Tar is a substance made from the already
burned carbon particles. Tar is a Carcinogen-
cancer causing compounds . These
compounds cause uncontrolled mutations in
the genes that cause cell divisions

Tar
Formaldehyde
Tar contains carcinogens Lead
such as Benzene
 Lung cancer

•Lung cancer is the most common

cancer and doctors link it to tobacco
smoking.
• Develops a tumor
• Takes 20-30 years to develop
• Causes symptoms such as
morning coughs
• Coughing blood
• Chronic coughing
• Cancers are mutation of a gene
Chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease
(COPD)

What is COPD?

COPD is a combination of pulmonary diseases

Mainly emphysema and bronchitis.
Emphysema What is
emphysema

• Emphysema is the loss of

elastic fibers in the alveolus
resulting in a lower tidal volume
(air inspired)
Emphysema What is
emphysema

•Image a is how the alveolus is

supposed to be.
•Image b is how a damaged alveolus
looks like after elastic fibers have being
permanently damaged
Nicotine &
carbon
monoxide
Nicotine

•Nicotine is a highly addictive drug that influences

reward centers in the brain. It stimulates nerve endings
in the brain to release the transmitter substance
dopamine, which is associated with reinforcing
pleasurable experiences. Tis makes it very hard to give
up smoking

• It is absorbed very readily by the blood and travels to the

brain within a few seconds. It stimulates the nervous system
to reduce the diameter of the arterioles and to release the
hormone adrenaline from the adrenal glands. As a result,
heart rate and blood pressure increase
Carbon monoxide
• Carbon monoxide diffuses into red blood
cells where it combines with hemoglobin
to form the stable compound
carboxyhemoglobin

• These short-term effects are readily reversible in people

who have not smoked for very long. Long-term smokers put
the health of their cardiovascular system at risk.

• Damage to the walls of arteries may lead to the build-up of

fatty tissue and the reduction of blood flow. Coronary heart
disease (CHD) and stroke may be the result
Thank you for
your attention