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9. Capacitance / Capacitor
Store electrical energy in the electrostatic
field
Capacitor is constructed as
–Two plates; negative (-) and positive (+)
–Dielectric is an insulator.
- Fixed
- Variable
Electrolytic Capacitor
Mica Capacitor
- smaller capacity
with higher working
voltage
- used stacks of thin
metal foil
sandwiched
between thin sheet of
mica.
Subject Code ELE 1042
Revision : Page No :20
Original Date : 15/01/07
UNIVERSITI KUALA LUMPUR
Malaysian Institute of Aviation Technology
100V
+
will charge at 63.2% of it full C 100µF
60 x 63.2%
C- capacitor in Farad 40
R- resistor in ohms 20
t sec.
30
50
40
10
20
Subject Code ELE 1042
Revision : Page No :32
Original Date : 15/01/07
UNIVERSITI KUALA LUMPUR
Malaysian Institute of Aviation Technology
Ex:
E=100V, R=100k, C=100uF
Time Constant = RC
= 100k x 100uF
=10 sec (63.2%)
At 10 sec, the voltage across the
capacitor is 63.2V.
A
SW
B
R 100KOhm
100V
+
C 100µF
-
Subject Code ELE 1042
Revision : Page No :34
Original Date : 15/01/07
UNIVERSITI KUALA LUMPUR
Malaysian Institute of Aviation Technology
+
C 100µF
voltage). -
For the capacitor becomes fully
% of V
discharge (zero volt), it required
100
5 x TC thus 50 sec. 80
60
x36.8%
40
20
t sec.
50
30
20
10
40
Subject Code ELE 1042
Revision : Page No :35
Original Date : 15/01/07
UNIVERSITI KUALA LUMPUR
Malaysian Institute of Aviation Technology
A
SW
B
R 100KOhm
100V
+
C 100µF
Application - used as timing circuit (often made using capacitor and resistor
in series).
Ex 1:
Given E = 100V, R = 10k ohm, C = 50uF, calculate its time constant and at
what is the time taken for the capacitor becomes fully charge?
Time Constant = RC
= 0.5Sec
Fully Charge = 5 x RC
= 2.5 sec
C1 C2 C3
1
CT = c / n
CT = ---------------------------
1 + 1 + 1
+ ……
CT = C1 x C2 Product) C1 C2 C3
C1 + C2 (Sum)
Subject Code ELE 1042
Revision : Page No :40
Original Date : 15/01/07
UNIVERSITI KUALA LUMPUR
Malaysian Institute of Aviation Technology
Ex :
If all the capacitor are the same value
CT = c /n
= 10uF
3
= 3.3uF
CT = C1 x C2 (Product)
C1 + C2 (Sum)
CT = C1 x C2
C1 + C2
= 10uF x 20uF
10uF + 20uF
= 200uF
30uF
= 6.7uF
Notes : In series, the total capacitance must be less than the lowest
capacitance in the circuit.
Subject Code ELE 1042
Revision : Page No :42
Original Date : 15/01/07
UNIVERSITI KUALA LUMPUR
Malaysian Institute of Aviation Technology
CT = _______1_______
1/C1 + 1/C2 + 1/C3
= __________1__________
1/10uF + 1/20uF + 1/30uF
= __________1___________
(100000+50000+33333)F
= ___1__
183333
= 0.0000054 Farad (5.4uF)
Ex :
CT = C1 + C2 + C3
= 10uF + 20uF + 30uF
= 60uF (0.000060 farad)
CT = ? CT = ?
END OF TOPIC 9
CAPACITANCE / CAPACITOR
3. Which type of fixed capacitor can resealed the hole cause by the
arching and what is the other name?
(A) Mica Capacitor & Self-Healing Capacitor
(B) Oil Capacitor & Self-Healing Capacitor
(C) Oil Capacitor & Adjacent-Healing Capacitor
Subject Code ELE 1042
Revision : Page No :55
Original Date : 15/01/07