2SP103 Critical Thinking

What is thinking?

 Stages of thinking

 Level 1 - No thinking at all

 Level 2 - Some Thinking
 Level 3 - Critical thinking
 Level 4 - Overthinking
 What is thinking?
 Thinking comes from the background of memory, experience, knowledge and
the rest of it
 Our actions do not demand the total response of our whole being
 We live on the surface of our mind and function at a very superficial level
geared to give a superficial response
 For most of us action is reaction
 So to put it formally-
‘Thinking is the cognitive activities you use to process information, solve
problems, take decisions, and create new ideas’
 We use thinking skills to make sense of experiences, organize information,
make connections, ask questions, make plans or decide what to do.
 Bed Time Story of AASMAN GIRA
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HQjFOmmfyUA
 Critical Thinking
 Importance of the course
The workplace of today places increasing demands on flexible intellectual skills, and the
ability to analyse information and integrate diverse sources of knowledge in solving
problems. Good critical thinking promotes such thinking skills, and is very important in the
fast-changing workplace.
We no longer live in a world where only technical skills can suffice to be successful. Critical
Thinking not only brings clarity in thoughts but also improves the quality of one’s thoughts
and decisions. This course will provide a practical insight to the skills required for thinking
critically.
 Objective of the Course
This course examines the basic nature of reasoning and the fallacies which prevent good
reasoning and decision making. Both the theory and practice of critical thinking are covered.
Emphasis will be on understanding the logical structure of an argument and on recognizing
the influence of bias and emotional persuasion on decision making.
Pani se Bijli Nikal Jayegi
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zU1r4qRuucU
Course Outcomes (COs)

COs are clear statements of the expectations for student achievements in the
course.
After successful completion of the course, a student will be able to –
 solve problems or take decisions by processing information in a clear,
logical, reasoned and reflective manner.
 recognise, build and appraise arguments.
 analyse contexts effectively.
 communicate orally and in writing using critical thinking.
 recognise bias and its impact on decision making.
 Syllabus
 Module 1 – Brain and Thinking
Introduction to Thinking, Types of Thinking, Brain and Thinking, Anatomy of Brain:
Parts of brain associated with thinking, thinking skills.
  Module 2 - Social, Psychological Aspects of Thinking
Rationality Bounded Rationality and its model, Fast and Slow Thinking, Objectivity,
Subjectivity, Assumptions and Skepticism. Paradigm shift, Perception, prejudice and
stereotype, Attribution, Social Psychology, Heuristics, Cognitive Biases and Errors.
  Module 3 – Deductive and Inductive Reasoning
Arguments, Principle of Clarity, Truth, Deductive validity, Conditional Propositions,
Inductive reasoning, Inductive inferences, Deductive v/s Inductive, Formal fallacies,
Informal fallacies.
 Assessment Policy
Assessment Continuous Evaluation
scheme
Component 1.0
weightage
  Class Interaction Class Test Sessional Examination
30% 40%
30%

Assessment of Continuous Evaluation comprises of three components.

 Class Room Interaction: Participation, Activities, Problem Solutions, Team
Work.
 Class Test/Quiz will be conducted as per academic calendar during Class Test
examination. It will be conducted online (Multiple Choice Questions) on
Moodle Platform
 Sessional Examination will be written test based on syllabus as per academic
calendar during Sessional examination.
Checkers : Kurd Game
 Puzzles – Test your thinking skills
 If you were alone in a deserted house at night, and there was an oil
lamp, a candle and firewood and you only have one match, which
would you light first?
 Match Stick
 What can you put in a wooden box that would make it lighter? The
more of them you put in the lighter it becomes, yet the box stays
empty.
 Holes
 Which side of a cat contains the most hair?
 The Outside
 The 60th and 62nd British Prime Ministers of the UK had the same
mother and father, but were not brothers. How do you account for
this?
 W. Charchil (UK 1940 -45 and 1951-55)
Puzzles.. Contd….

 How many birthdays does a typical woman have?

 One
 Name three consecutive days in English without using the words
Tuesday, Thursday, or Saturday
 Yesterday , Today and Tomorrow
 You are running in a race. You overtake the second person. What
position are you in?
 Second
 In the same race, if you overtake the last person, then you are in
what position?
 You cant overtake last person
 Is it legal for a man to marry his widow's sister?
 Man is dead
 A woman lives on the tenth floor of a block of flats. Every morning
she takes the lift down to the ground floor and goes to work. In the
evening, she gets into the lift, and, if there is someone else in the
lift she goes back to her floor directly. Otherwise, she goes to the
eighth floor and walks up two flights of stairs to her flat. How do
you explain this?
 The woman is of small stature and couldn't reach the upper lift buttons.
 A window cleaner is cleaning the windows on the 25th floor of a
skyscraper, when he slips and falls. He is not wearing a safety
harness and nothing slows his fall, yet he suffered no injuries.
Explain.
 He was cleaning the inside of the windows.
 A man and his son were in a car crash. The father was killed and the
son was taken to hospital with serious injuries. The examining
doctor exclaims: "But, this is my son!".
How can this be?
 The doctor was his mother.
 You have to choose between three rooms.
The first is full of raging fires
The second is full of tigers that haven’t eaten in 3 years.
The third is full of assassins with loaded machine guns.
Which room should you choose?
 The second room. Tigers that haven’t eaten in three years are
dead!
Three of the glasses below are
filled with orange juice and the
other three are empty. By
moving just one glass, can you
arrange the glasses so that the
full and empty glasses alternate?
 Pour the juice from the second glass into the fifth.
 A man is wearing all black. Black shoes, socks, trousers,
jumper, and gloves. He is walking down a black street
with all the street lamps off. A black car is coming
towards him with its lights off but somehow manages to
stop in time. How did the driver see the man?
 IT was day time
Sherlok Holmes A Game of Shadows Final