assessment. Teachers can facilitate enhanced motivation for learning by relying more heavily on formative assessment procedures. According to Chappius and Stiggins (2002), teachers should: • Pretest before a unit of study and make adjustments for individual students or the entire class; • Examine which students may need more assistance or practice; • Continually revise instruction on the basis of ongoing assessment results; • Reflect on the effectiveness of their teaching; • Convey to students their strengths and weaknesses in particular areas; • Facilitate peer-tutoring, matching students who demonstrate understanding with those who are having difficulties; and • Provide opportunities for students to assess their own learning The ultimate educational value of MI Theory is that it reminds educators to use varied, multi- modality instructional and assessment tools in their classrooms (Santrock, Woloshyn, Gallagher, Di Petta, & Marini, 2004) Verbal/linguistic intelligence (word smart / book smart) - refers to the ability to use language masterfully to express oneself rhetorically or poetically e.g. the writer, orator. Logical/ mathematical intelligence (number smart/logic smart) - refers to the ability to concentrate on mathematical problems, hypotheses and think logically e.g. the scientist, philosopher. Visual/spatial intelligence (picture smart/art smart) – refers to the ability to manipulate and create mental images in order to solve problems e.g. the architect, engineer, sculptor. Bodily/kinaesthetic intelligence (body smart/ movement smart) – refers to the ability to use one’s mind to control one’s bodily movement e.g. the athlete, dancer, actor, surgeon. Musical/ rhythmic intelligence (music smart/ sound smart) – refers to the ability to read, understand, and compose musical pitches, tones and rhythms e.g. the entertainer, musician. Interpersonal intelligence (people smart/ group smart) – refers to the ability to apprehend the feelings and intention of others e.g. the counsellor, minister, teacher. Intrapersonal intelligence (self smart/ introspection smart) – refers to the ability to understand one’s own feelings and motivations e.g. the poet, efficiency expert.
Naturalist intelligence (nature smart)
– refers to the ability to relate to the natural world with clarity and sensitivity e.g. biologist, environmentalist. Existential intelligence – refers to the ability to explore complex philosophical questions. Think and Share…