Surface Preparation

• Concrete

• Plastics

Deccan Education Society’s Technical Institute, Pune-04

 What is cement?
 Cement consists essentially of compounds of
lime (calcium oxide, CaO) mixed with silica
(silicon dioxide, SiO 2) and alumina (aluminum
oxide, Al 2O 3).
 It is highly alkaline pH 11-12
 Ensure Proper drying.
 Method for Concrete Surface
 Remove all surface contamination
 Scrub with a stiff brush
 Allow sufficient time for scrubbing until bubbling st
ops
 Rinse the surface two or three times. Remove the aci
d/water mixture after each rinse
 It may be necessary  to  repeat  this  step  several 
times if a  suitable  texture is not achieved with  one
etching
 Mechanical Method
 Sanding by sand paper by hand tools/power tools
 Water blast cleaning
 Wire brush cleaning
 Blasting
 Steam Cleaning
 Chemical Cleaning Method
 Acid Etching: -
› Used to remove laitance (White Precipitates) and to provide
a roughened surface of concrete.

› Acids may penetrate the concrete surface through cracks,

may promote corrosion of underlying reinforcing steel.
 Due to this reason, acid etching is not generally preferred and
is used even absolutely essential.

 Apply  a  10  ‐  15% HCl  or  50%  Phosphoric Acid  solution  at 

the  rate  of  one  gallon  per  75  square feet
 Detergent Cleaning:
 Remove water-soluble surface contaminants and
oils, grease, and other emulsifiable materials
› It consist of scraping off heavy deposits of grease or
oil and cleaning the surface with a
› stiff-bristled brush using an aqueous solution of
detergent
› Immediately after treatment, before the
› surface dries, residues of the cleaning agent shall be
removed by thoroughly flushing
› Trisodium phosphate at not less than 4 oz/gal,
› The effectiveness of trisodium phosphate may be
improved with the use of hot water.
 Plastics Surfaces
 Need for Surface preparation
1. Plastics are made of long polymer chains which
have a non-polar surface and are fairly difficult to
bond and coat.

2. Contamination or adsorbed layers that are place

prior to the plastic base

Deccan Education Society’s Technical Institute, Pune-04

 Plastics Surfaces
 Need for Surface preparation Cont…

1. Plastic polymers and paint polymers-compatibility.

2. Type of plastic (thermoplastic, thermoset or

elastomer)

3. Surface tension of the plastic (Surface Tension

must be lower than the surface.)

Deccan Education Society’s Technical Institute, Pune-04

 Plasma Treatment
 What is Plasma:
 Fourth state of matter;

 Partially ionised gas, in which ions and electron

ALSO
 Radical and Molecules are present at excited stage

 Energy level is highest among all the states of matter,

 What is Plasma treatment:

 Imparting Charge to plastic surface by using plasma molecules.

Deccan Education Society’s Technical Institute, Pune-04

 Plasma Treatment
 What is Plasma treatment:
Imparting Charge to plastic surface by using plasma

 Types of Plasma treatment:

1. Cold Plasma

2. Hot Plasma

Deccan Education Society’s Technical Institute, Pune-04

 Plasma Treatment
 Plasma Chamber consist of Jet of electrodes,
vacuumed suction assembly etc.
 Chamber lined with Inert material like porcelain.

 Treatment can be done at High voltage, low Voltage

 Can be generated by using DC or AC current
 This can be achieved by using IR, Electron beam, OR
UV lights also
Deccan Education Society’s Technical Institute, Pune-04
 Plasma Treatment
 The work pieces exposed for a few seconds or
minutes.
 Which is produced in a vacuum chamber by
applying an electrical voltage to the respective
process gas.
 The gaseous phase of the process is easy to
monitor and control, and even work pieces of
extremely complicated shapes can be treated

Deccan Education Society’s Technical Institute, Pune-04

 Advantages of Plasma Treatment:
 Eco-Friendly
 Uniform charge generation::Uniform Coating
 Reliable operation
 Energy Friendly
 Complicated shapes can be treated by changing
process condition/parameters/gas
 Carried out at room temperature.
Deccan Education Society’s Technical Institute, Pune-04