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Table of Contents
Section 1 Electric Charge
Objectives
• Understand the basic properties of electric charge.
Electric Charge
Charging by Induction
Objectives
• Calculate electric force using Coulomb’s law.
Coulomb’s Law
• Two charges near one another exert a force on one
another called the electric force.
Superposition Principle
Sample Problem
The Superposition Principle
Consider three point
charges at the corners of a
triangle, as shown at right,
where q1 = 6.00 10–9 C,
q2 = –2.00 10–9 C, and q3
= 5.00 10–9 C. Find the
magnitude and direction of
the resultant force on q3.
5.00 m
2 2 2
(r 3,1) C
F3,1 1.08 10 –8 N
q3 q 2
2 5.00 10 –9 C 2.00 10 –9 C
9 Nm
F3,2 kC 8.99 10
2 2 2
( r 3,2) C 4.00m
F3,1 5.62 10 –9 N
F3,tot (Fx ,tot )2 (Fy ,tot )2 (3.01 109 N)2 (6.50 109 N)2
F3,tot 7.16 10 –9 N
Fy ,tot 6.50 10 –9 N
tan
Fx ,tot 3.01 10 –9 N
65.2º
Objectives
• Calculate electric field strength.
Sample Problem
Electric Field Strength
A charge q1 = +7.00 µC is
at the origin, and a charge
q2 = –5.00 µC is on the x-
axis 0.300 m from the
origin, as shown at right.
Find the electric field
strength at point P,which is
on the y-axis 0.400 m from
the origin.
For E2: Ex,2= (1.80 105 N/C)(cos 53.1º) = 1.08 105 N/C
Ey,1= (1.80 105 N/C)(sin 53.1º)= –1.44 105 N/C
E Ey ,tot
2 2
Etot x ,tot
Multiple Choice
1. In which way is the electric force similar to the
gravitational force?
A. Electric force is proportional to the mass of the
object.
B. Electric force is similar in strength to gravitational
force.
C. Electric force is both attractive and repulsive.
D. Electric force decreases in strength as the
distance between the charges increases.
F. 4
G. 2
1
H.
2
1
J.
4
F. 4
G. 2
1
H.
2
1
J.
4
Short Response
11. Three identical
charges (q = +5.0 mC)
are along a circle with a
radius of 2.0 m at angles
of 30°, 150°, and 270°,
as shown in the
figure.What is the
resultant electric field at
the center?
Extended Response
Use the information 15. What is the magnitude
below to answer of the acceleration of
questions 15–18. the proton?
A proton, which has a
mass of 1.673 10–27 kg,
accelerates from rest in a
uniform electric field of
640 N/C. At some time
later, its speed is 1.2 106
m/s.
Charging By Induction