CE

352
Environmental Engineering (Sessional-I)

Final Presentation
ID: 1701028
1701029
Group: A1-6 1701030
1701031
1701032
1701033
 Determination of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)
before
Determination of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)

Alum Coagulation
Our Experiment
Topics : Break Point Chlorination

aftr
Total Coliform and Fecal Coliform

Determination of Arsenic in Water

 Experiment No: 10
Determination of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)
BOD Test at a glance…
What is BOD?
1. Amount of oxygen required
by micro-organisms to oxidize
organic wastes.
2. Expressed in mg/L
3. For drinking water 0.2mg/L is
standard. (20 degree C)
4. For wastewater it varies from
50- 250 mg/L
11/05/2021
Why is BOD?
1. To determine the Oxygen
requirements of wastewater.
2. To determine the efficiency of
waste water treatment process
3. To design of waste water
treatment plants.
Test of BOD
BOD= Initial BOD-Final BOD
We consider the final BOD in 5 days
period.
If the BOD from the test is invalid then
we use to dilute the sample.
Then the BOD can be calculated by-
BOD=(I-F)*Dilution factor
 Our Test Result Compression with the standard chart to our experimental values
Group Result
A1-1 2.6
A1-2 0.8
A1-3 2
A1-4 3.4
A1-5 2.2
A1-6 2.8

From the standard value chart we can see that our maximum of our water
samples are in between 1-2 mg/L.

That is why we can say that our sample water quality is very good
in maximum cases.
 Experiment No. 11
Determination of Chemical Oxygen demand (COD)
COD Test at a glance
What is COD?
• Indirectly measures organic
matter in water sample.
• Expressed in (mg/L)
• Quicker and more convenient.
• Applicable range is 3-900 mg/L.
• For surface water,range is 5-25
mg/L.
Significance Principle
• Used as an measurement of • Sample titrated against ferrous
pollutants in water ammonium sulphate
• Higher COD means a greater • Uses ferroin indicator.
amount of oxidizable material in
the sample. • Potassium dichromate and
Sulphuric acid is used.
• COD higher in industrial waste
water.
• 4.0 mg/L range for standard
drinking water.
Comparisons of samples

According to BECR, standard COD

value for drinking water is 4.0 mg/L.
So, none of the test samples are
suitable for drinking. The first
sample is most polluted.Chemical
or Industrial waste is present in all
of the samples.
Experiment 12
Chemical Coagulation of Water:
Alum Coagulation
What is Chemical Coagulation?
Chemical Coagulation is the treatment process
used to remove small sized and colloidal
impurities from water.
 Significance Reagents

› Removal of turbidity and color › Standard Alum solution

makes water clean and aesthetically › Al2 (SO4 )3 .14H2O
pleasing with alum, also widely
used for removal of heavy metal
ions. Chemical agents are used to
promote colloid aggregation by
destroying the forces that stabilize
colloidal particles.
 Alum Coagulation Discussion & Remarks :
100.00
93.92

80.85
Removal Efficiency vs Alum Dose
pH & Turbidity & Removal Efficiency %

80.42
78.63
About 1020 mg/L alum is
75.8
75.00 71.60

64.25 required to remove colloids for

60.2 lowest amount of turbidity 12.9
NTU. According to Bangladesh
50.00 Turbidity vs Alum Dose 45.3 Environmental conservation
41.5 40.6
Rules 1997, drinking water
standard for turbidity is 10 NTU.
But Our Experimental value is
higher than 10 NTU and The
25.00

12.9 removal Efficiency is 93.92%.

6.7 6.5 6.3 5.5 6.8 pH vs Alum Dose 7

0.00
0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Alum Dose(mg/L)
 Experiment No. 13
Determination of Residual Chlorine and Chlorine Demands : Breakpoint Chlorination.
What is Water Chlorination?

The process of adding chlorine to drinking water or wastewater to kill parasites , bacteria and
viruses . Disinfection with chlorine is widely practiced.

Breakpoint Chlorination Chlorine Demand

 A technique used to remove combined
Chlorine by adding free available Chlorine.
This eliminates the chloramines and other
reductants which otherwise causes increase
in chlorine demand.
 The difference between the amount of chlorine
added to water or wastewater and the amount of
residual chlorine remaining after a given contact time.
It may change with dosage , time , temperature , pH
and nature and amount of impurities.
 Residual Chlorine vs Chlorine Dose Graph
Result : 7
At the breakpoint,

Chlorine dose is = 5.25 mg/L

6 5.77

5.33

Chlorine demand is = 3.2 mg/L. 5 4.88

Residual Chlorine
4

3.11
3

2.22
2 1.78

Breakpoint
1

0
1.25 2 2.5 Chlorine Dose5 7.5 10

11/05/2021
Experiment 14
Determination of Total and Fecal
Coliform in Water

Total coliform:
Total coliforms are defined as gram negative bacteria Which
ferment lactose Temp range 35 deg to 37 deg C.
Fecal coliform:
Fecal coliforms are a subgroup of total coliforms, which live in
the warm-blooded grow at the higher selective temperature
range of 44 to 44.5 C.
 Significance

Total coliform (TC) = Fecal coliform (FC) + Non-fecal coliform

› Fecal coliform bacteria indicates that the water has been contaminated with the
fecal material of man or other animals.
› Fecal Coliform bacteria indicate the presence of sewage contamination of a
waterway and the possible presence of other pathogenic organisms.
Discussion & WHO standard of drinking water for Total Coliform
Remarks : & Fecal Coliform is Nil And our obtained value was
also Nil which indicates that it is safe for drinking
and usage purposes. But to use this water we have
to consider other water parameters for pure water
sample.

11/05/2021
 Experiment No: 15

Determination of Arsenic in Water

Arsenic Test at a glance…

About Arsenic Possible Sources Arsenic Causes

1. Common forms in Arsenics are: Ground Water in Bangladesh specially In high levels of arsenic can cause
Inorganic Arsenic , Tri valent and in rural area because they mainly a sore throat and irritated lungs
Penta valent As (iii) Arsenate etc. depend on ground water.
2. WHO guideline value for arsenic Specially tube well.
in drinking water is 10 μg/L
3. Drinking water standard for
Arsenic In Bangladesh according
to ECR is 50 μg/L
 Arsenic test Kit Test Results:
Sample Arsenic
Concentration
01 Nil

Condition of
Arsenic in
In this experiment we get the value of Arsenic is
Bangladesh
nil. The sample water is ground water. As we
know the maximum Arsenic in water is in Ground
Water.

So we can say that our water is Arsenic free.

Condition of Arsenic in World

THANK YOU

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