BASIC GRAMMAR

THE DEGREE OF COMPARISON

 RULE OF ATTENDANCE LIST

• If you are here,

• Please write down in the Zoom chat box
• [attendance list number, name, a sentence in modal passive voice]

• e.g. 01. Erwan Sholeh. My bike will be borrowed by him.

 PREVIEW

I am beautiful.
My mom is beautiful.
= I am as beautiful as my mom. (Positive Degree)

He is 165 cm.
I am 173 cm.
= I am higher than he. (formal)  I am higher than him. (informal) (Comparative Degree)

Everyone else in the class got under 70 points.

I got 95 points.
= I got the highest score in the class. (Superlative Degree)
 POSITIVE DEGREE

• Meaning: Tingkatan setara. Se...

• Formula : as + adjective + as

• Example:
• Secantik : as beautiful as
• Sekaya : as rich as
• Setinggi : as high as
• Sebaik hati: as kind as
 EXAMPLE IN USE

Indonesian English

John serajin James John is as diligent as James.

Bukumu setebal bukuku Your book is as thick as mine/my book.

Rumahku tidak akan menjadi semewah istana. My house will not be as luxurious as palace.

Apakah dulu dia (lk) sekecil adeknya? Was he as small as his little brother?

Siapa bisa bernyanyi semerdu Raisa? Who can sing as sweetly as Raisa?
 COMPARATIVE DEGREE 1

• Meaning : Tingkat Perbandingan / lebih ... Daripada ...

• Formula: Adj + er + than

• Note: For adjective that has 1 syllable (suku kata).

• For adjective that has 2 syllables but it ends with ‘Y’
• Example:
• Small + er : Smaller
• Hot + er : hotter
• Thin + er: thinner.
• White + er : whiter
• Lazy + er : lazier
• Crazy + er : crazier
 COMPARATIVE DEGREE 2

• Meaning : Tingkat perbandingan / lebih ... Daripada ...

• Formula: More + adj +than

• Note: For adjective that has more than 1 syllable

• Example:
• More + expensive : More expensive
• More + Elegant : More elegant
• More + patient : More patient
• More + modern : More modern
 EXAMPLE IN USE

Indonesian English

You look prettier today / You look more beautiful

Kamu terlihat lebih cantik hari ini.
today.
My tea is sweeter than your smile.
Tehku lebih manis daripada senyummu.
Will tomorrow be colder than today?
Apakah besok akan menjadi lebih dingin daripada
hari ini?
This work must be finished faster. This work must
Pekerjaan ini harus diselesaikan lebih cepat.
be finished more quickly.
Can we speak English more fluently than Jim?
Bisakah kita berbicara bahasa Inggris lebih fasih
daripada Jim?
 SUPERLATIVE DEGREE 1

• Meaning : Tingkatan paling... / ter... / paling ...

• Formula: The + Adj + est

• Note: 1 syllable; for adjective that has 2 syllables but it ends with ‘Y’

• Example:
• Slim + est : Slimmest
• Young + est : Youngest
• Fast + est : Fastest
• Pretty + est : Prettiest
• Lazy + est : Laziest
 SUPERLATIVE DEGREE 2

• Meaning : Tingkatan paling... / ter... / paling ...

• Formula: The + most + Adj

• Note: More than 1 syllable

• Example:
• The most arrogant
• The most diligent
• The most interesting
 EXAMPLE IN USE

Indonesian English

Malang adalah kota terdingin di Jatim. Malang is the coldest city in East Java.

Aku ingin menjadi siswa yang paling rajin. I want to be the most diligent student.

Siapa pernah mendaki gunung tertinggi di Who has ever climbed the highest mountain in
Indonesia? Indonesia?

Apakah ini ruangan paling sempit di gedung ini? Is this the narrowest room in this building?

Dia adalah siswa paling rajin di sekolah. She is the most diligent student at school.
 EXCEPTION 1

Positive Comparative Superlative

Y Lazy, Happy Lazier, Happier The laziest, The happiest

Ow Sorrow, Narrow Sorrower, Narrower The sorrowest, The

Narrowest

Le Simple, Humble Simpler, Humbler The Simplest, The Humblest

Er Clever, Bitter Cleverer, Bitterer The cleverest, The bitterest

Some Awesome Awesomer / More Awesome The awesomest/ The most

awesome
 EXCEPTION 2

Positive Comparative Superlative Meaning

Good Better The best Baik/Bagus
Bad Worse The worst Buruk
Many More Most Banyak (Countable)
Much More Most Banyak (Uncountable)
Little less Least Sedikit
Far Farther/Further Farthest/Furthest Jauh
Late Later Last/latest Terlambat
Old Older/Elder Oldest/Eldest Tua
 STORY PRACTICE

The Best and The worst

Joe Sanders has the most beautiful garden in our town. Nearly everybody
enters for “the nicest garden competition” each year, but Joe wins every
time. Bill Frith’s garden is larger than Joe’s. Bill works harder than Joe
and grows more flowers and vegetable, but Joe’s garden is more
interesting. He has made neat paths and has built a wooden bridge over a
pool. I like gardens too, but I do not like hard work. Every year I enter the
garden competition too, and I always win a little prize for the worst garden
in the town.
CREATE YOUR OWN SENTENCES USING THE DEGREE OF COMPARISON