Anatomy-

Cardiovascular System
Characteristics &
Functions of the
Cardiovascular
System
 Anatomy-Cardiovascular System
Bell Work
 Grab your binders
and note taker
 In your groups,
discuss what you
already know
about the
cardiovascular
system. Be ready
to share in 2 mins
 Anatomy-Cardiovascular System
Objectives
 Students will be able to:
 Define terms relative to the cardiovascular
system.
 Describe the basic characteristics &
functions of the cardiovascular system.
 Anatomy-Cardiovascular System
Terminology
 Cardio
 Heart

 Vascular
 Vessels that
circulate blood
 Oxygenated
 High oxygen level

 Deoxygenated
 Low oxygen level
Anatomy-Cardiovascular System
Circulatory System
 Circulatory System
 Circulates blood
through the body
 Closed system

 Heart & blood

vessels
 Anatomy-Cardiovascular System
Heart
 Chambered muscular
organ
 Pumps blood
throughout the body
 Receives
deoxygenated blood
through veins
 Pumps oxygenated
blood through
arteries
 The Lungs
 Location:
On either side of the heart
 Functions:
 Exchange carbon
dioxide for oxygen
 Help to remove
heat from the body
 The heart
 Location:
 Under the sternum (slightly to the left) and between the
lungs
 Function:
 to pump blood throughout the body
 Blood carries oxygen and nutrients to the cells
 Blood carries carbon dioxide and waste products away
from the cells
 The Heart
 Divided into 4 chambers
 R and L atrium (upper chambers)
 R and L ventricles (lower chambers)

 Heart valves separate each chamber and prevent a

backflow of the blood
 Tricuspid valve
 Biscuspid (mitral) valve

 Pulmonary valve

 Aortic valve
Anatomy-Cardiovascular System
Heart
 How does the blood flow through
the Heart?
Right Side of Heart
 Blood enters the heart through two
large veins, the inferior and superior
vena cava, emptying oxygen-poor
blood from the body into the right
atrium of the heart.
 As the atrium contracts, blood flows
from your right atrium into your right
ventricle through the open tricuspid
valve.
 When the ventricle is full, the
tricuspid valve shuts. This prevents
blood from flowing backward into the
atria while the ventricle contracts.
 As the ventricle contracts, blood
leaves the heart through the pulmonic
valve, into the pulmonary artery and
to the lungs, where it is oxygenated
and then returns to the left atrium
through the pulmonary veins.
Left Side of Heart
 The pulmonary veins empty
oxygen-rich blood from the lungs
into the left atrium of the heart.
 As the atrium contracts, blood
flows from your left atrium into
your left ventricle through the
open mitral valve.
 When the ventricle is full, the
mitral valve shuts. This prevents
blood from flowing backward
into the atrium while the ventricle
contracts.
 As the ventricle contracts, blood
leaves the heart through the aortic
valve, into the aorta and to the
body.
http://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/guide/how-heart-works?page=3
 How blood flows through the
lungs
 Once blood travels through the pulmonic valve, it enters
your lungs. This is called the pulmonary circulation.
From your pulmonic valve, blood travels to the
pulmonary artery to tiny capillary vessels in the lungs.

 Here, oxygen travels from the tiny air sacs in the lungs,
through the walls of the capillaries, into the blood. At
the same time, carbon dioxide, a waste product of
metabolism, passes from the blood into the air sacs.
Carbon dioxide leaves the body when you exhale. Once
the blood is purified and oxygenated, it travels back to
the left atrium through the pulmonary veins.
Anatomy-Cardiovascular System
Blood Flow
Anatomy-Cardiovascular System
Blood Vessels
 Blood vessels
 Elastic tubes

 Carry blood

 Arteries

 Arterioles

 Capillaries

 Venules

 Veins
Arteries Veins
 Anatomy-Cardiovascular System
Arteries
 Arteries
 Muscular, thick,
elastic blood vessels
 Carry oxygenated
blood away from the
heart to body cells,
tissue & organs
 Except for
artery
pulmonary artery
 Anatomy-Cardiovascular System
Arterioles
 Arterioles
 Small terminal
arteriole
branches of
arteries
 Connect arteries to
capillaries
artery
 Anatomy-Cardiovascular System
Capillaries
 Capillaries
 Very small blood
arteriole
vessels
 Connect arterioles
to venules

artery
capillary
 Anatomy-Cardiovascular System
Venules
 Venules
 Small veins
arteriole venule
 Connect
capillaries to
larger veins

artery
capillary
 Anatomy-Cardiovascular System
Veins
 Veins
 Thin walled blood
arteriole venule
vessels
 Carry
deoxygenated
blood to the heart
from body cells,
artery vein
tissue & organs capillar
 Except for y
pulmonary vein
Anatomy-Cardiovascular System
Write 3 Things You Learned
Direction blood pumps through
the heart
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