Course on

Major Environmental Issues for Society

(Air Pollution)
By
Prakash L. Pathak
Assistant Professor
Civil Engineering Department,
K. K. Wagh I.E.E.& R, Nashik
Mobile - 7420017607 ,
email- plpathak@kkwagh.edu.in
 DESCRIPTIO
N
In this course, an attempt has been made to inculcate awareness
regarding environmental pollution such as air, noise, solid waste,
plastic waste, and ozone layer depletion. Environmental
pollution is one of the most important problems that affect
aquatic life, biodiversity, ecosystems, and human health
worldwide by contaminating air, water, and soil.
SOCIETY.
 Air Pollution.

 Noise Pollution
 Ozone Layer Depletion

 Solid waste management

 Plastic Pollution

 Global Warming

 Water Pollution

 Deforestation

 Biodiversity Loss
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 
 Involves sustainable design for the
control and protection of the
environment and its resources.
Environmental engineers design systems
for water quality and treatment,
wastewater treatment, hazardous waste
management and treatment and control
of air pollutants
 AIR POLLUTION

 Air pollution is the presence of

substances in the atmosphere  that are
harmful to the health of humans and
other living things, or cause damage to
the climate or to materials.
 AIR POLLUTION
 Contamination of the air by
Noxious gases and minute
particles of solid and liquid matter
(particulates) in concentrations
that have undesirable effect on
living being.
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY POLLUTANT

1. PRIMARY POLLUTANT
Those emitted directly into air
 Carbon monoxide (CO) odorless, colorless, poisonous gas.
...
 Oxides of nitrogen (NOx, NO) NO - nitric oxide.
 Sulfur oxides (SOx) SO2 - sulfur dioxide.
 Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) highly reactive
organic compounds. ...
 Particulate matter (dust, ash, salt particles) bad for your
lungs.
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY POLLUTANT

2. SECONDARY POLLUTANT
Produced through reactions between primary
pollutants and natural atmospheric compound
 Ozone (O3)
 Sulfuric acid and nitric acid (component of acid rain)
 Particulate matter.
 Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)
 Peroxy acetyl nitrates (PANs)
 AIR POLLUTANTS :
PARTICULATE POLLUTANTS -
ARE SOLIDS OR LIQUIDS WITH SIZE
< 100 MICRONS THAT REMAIN
SUSPENDED IN THE ATMOSPHERE.

DUST
FUMES
SMOKE
MIST
FOG
BACTERIA

GASEOUS - TOXIC AND POISONOUS

E.G. CO, CHLORINE, NH3, H2S, SO2,
NO2, CO2.
POLLUTANTS
OZONE TRANSIENT DAMAGE
PERMANENT DAMAGE
- ACCELERATED AGING OF THE LUNG

CARBON MONOXIDE

- HEART DISEASE
- LUNG DISEASES
- CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
 RESPONSE TO EXTERNAL STIMULI
(SYMPTOMS SIMILAR OF FLU)
- NORMAL INDIVIDUAL DURING STRENUOUS
WORK
SOURCES OF OUTSIDE AIR
POLLUTION
 Combustion of gasoline and other hydrocarbon fuels in cars,
trucks, and airplanes
 Burning of fossil fuels

(oil, coal, and dinosaur bones)

 Insecticides

 Herbicides

 Everyday radioactive fallouts

 Dust from fertilizers

 Mining operations, Livestock feedlots

 Festivels like Diwali etc.

 SOURCES OF INDOOR
POLLUTION
 Efficient insulation
 Bacteria
 Molds and mildews
 Viruses
 animal dander and cat saliva
 plants
 house dust
 Mites
 Cockroaches
 pollen
EFFECT OF AIR POLLUTION ON HUMAN
HEALTH

 Irritation
of eyes, throat and nose
 Increased acute respiratory diseases
 Lowered lung function in children
 Increased sickness rates
 Increases in mortality
VEGETATION
 Damaging the leaves
 Premature fall of leaves
 Yellowing of leaves
EFFECT OF AIR POLLUTION ON
ANIMALS
 When animals consumes the particulate
coated plants mainly with fluorine, lead,
arsenic they get affected, resulting into
illness or death.
ENVIRONMENT
 Acidrain
 Ozone depletion
 Global warming
 ACID RAIN
 Contains high levels of
sulfuric or nitric acids
 Contaminate drinking water
and vegetation
 Damage aquatic life
 Erode buildings
 Alters the chemical
equilibrium of some soils
 Best Ways to Reduce Air Pollution
 Using public transports. ...
 Turn off the lights when not in use. ...

 Recycle and Reuse. ...

 No to plastic bags. ...

 Reduction of forest fires and smoking. ...

 Use of fans instead of Air Conditioner. ...

 Use filters for chimneys. ...

 Avoid usage of crackers.

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